RABABETH LICNAD-ESTRADA

What will I get in

At the end of the lesson, learning
you will be able to: about exponents?

• Identify what laws of exponent to

use in a given expression;

• Simplify expressions different operations

involving exponents; and

• Manifest confidence in
solving.
What is an exponent?

Exponents are a
shorthand way to show a
larger number.
Where is an exponent
located at?
Exponents are sometimes
referred to as “powers.”

4
6
Exponent
Base
 How do you read an
exponent?

A number with an exponent

is said to be "raised to the
power" of that exponent.

Let’s look at some examples. . . .

 32 = three raised to the
second power or three squared

53 = five raised to the third

power or five cubed

74 = seven raised to the fourth

power
What does an exponent
mean?

We will use an example of

how the secret spread fast
to explain what does an
exponent mean.
 How does a secret
spread so fast?
• The person with a secret tells a
friend.
• The friend promises never to tell
anyone.
• That same friend breaks the
promise and tells two more friends.
• The two new friends tell two new
friends.
• The two new friends decide to
tell two more friends.
• This pattern occurs over and
over until many people have
been told.
• By the end of the day it is no
longer a secret!
Here is how a secret can
spread
Round 1 Round 2 Look how
many
people
now know
the
secret!
3 x 3 =
9
9 people
know!
I have a secret and I My 3 friends each tell 3 more people.
tell 3 of my best
friends.
In an exponential expression, the base is the factor, and the
exponent tells the amount of times to multiple that number
by itself. (That is a mouthful!)

3 4

Your BASE = 3 Your EXPONENT = 4

• A base is a number that can be
expressed using an exponent.
• An exponent is the small number and
is referred to as a “power.”
4
3 means 3 x 3 x 3 or 27
LAWS OF EXPONENTS

The laws of exponents show how to

SIMPLIFY

expressions in exponential form.

 Product of powers
• To multiply powers with the same base,
add the exponents.

am ∙an = am+n

3 4
Example: 2  2  2 3 4
2
7

Proof: 2  2   2  2  2    2  2  2  2  
3 4

2222222  2 7
 Power of a power
• To raise a number in exponential form
to a power, multiply the exponents.

(a )
m n = am∙n

Example:  4   4  4
3 2 32 6
 Power of a product
• To find a power of a product, find the
power of each factor and multiply.

(ab) m = a b
m m

Example: 36  6   2  3  2  3
2 2 2 2

Proof: 2  3  4  9  36
2 2
 Power of zero
• Any nonzero number raised to the power
of zero is one.

a0 =1
 Quotient of powers
• To find the quotient of powers with the
same base, subtract the exponents.

am = am-n

an
• For example…
32 ÷ 32 = 3 2 - 2 = 30
32 = 3  3 = 9 = 1
32 3  3 9
 Power of a quotient
To raise a quotient to a power, raise both
the numerator and denominator to that
power.

(a/b) m = a /b
m m

3
 2
3
2
Example:    3
7 7
 Reciprocals
• To change a sign of an exponent, move
the expression to the denominator of a
fraction, or to the numerator.

a-n = 1/an

1/a-n = an
 31 1
Example #1: 2  3 
2 8
3
1 5 3
Example #2: 3   5  125
5 1
IF YOU ARE READY, LET
US START THE
ADVENTURE
Try these: 5
s
1. 3 2 5
  7.   
t
2. a 3 4
  9 2
3 
8.  5  
3. 2a 
2 3
 3 
2

4. 2 a b 
5 3 2  st 
8
2
 9.  4  
 rt 
5. (3a )  2 2
5 8 2
 36a b 
10.   
4 5 
6. s t 2 4 3
   4a b 
Try these: 1
2 
2

1. 2a b2 0
 7.   
 x 2
2. y 2  y 4   39 
8.  5  
3. a  5 1
 3 
2
2
4. s  4s  7 s t 
2 2
9.  4 4  
s t 
5. 3x y 2
 3 4
 36a 5 2

10.  4 5  
6. s t  
2 4 0
 4a b 
 CAN WE APPLY
THESE CONCEPTS IN
REAL LIFE
SITUATION?
SURE WE
CAN!

THE FOLLOWING ARE

SOME SITUATIONS
FOR YOU TO
ANSWER.
BE CAREFUL!
 Solve the following:
1. What is the area of a square with the length
of a side equaling
2. You are enlarging a photo on your computer
screen. The photo starts at 3 centimeters wide.
Each time you enlarge the photo, its width is
doubled. You enlarge the photo four times.
What is the final width of the photo on your
screen?
3. On Tuesday, you invited 2 friends to your
party. On Wednesday, each of these friends
invited 2 other friends. This pattern continued
Thursday and Friday. How many people were
invited on Friday? Write the answer as a power.
How many people were invited in all?

4. You have 100 square tiles from a large square

tabletop to make two smaller tabletops.
What dimensions can the smaller tabletops have
so all the tiles are used? Explain the reasoning.
http://walsh.edublogs.org
Maslijr, 2013, Laws of exponents, viewed 05 March 2014, from
http://www.slideshare.net/masljr/laws-of-exponents-23863798
Melnichenko, Y., 2008, Exponents, viewed 05 march 2014, from
http://www.slideshare.net/yelena585/exponents-
presentation?qid=c977ae81-f7bd-48bf-bf86-
c88dd4657047&v=default&b=&from_search=30
Morris, B., 2012, Grade 6 exponents lesson, viewed 05 March
2014, from http://www.slideshare.net/BobMorris72/math-
exponents?qid=c977ae81-f7bd-48bf-bf86-
c88dd4657047&v=default&b=&from_search=2
Scallion, K., 2010, Rules of exponents, viewed 05 March 2014,
from http://www.slideshare.net/kscallion/rules-of-exponents
Wilkerosn,K., 2013, Exponents, viewed 05 march 2014, from
http://www.slideshare.net/katiewilkerosn/exponents-
27460394?qid=c977ae81-f7bd-48bf-bf86-
c88dd4657047&v=default&b=&from_search=11
LET US CHECK YOUR ANSWERS
LET US CHECK YOUR ANSWERS
LET US CHECK YOUR ANSWERS
All in all, if you got…
Perfect Score

7-9

5-6
4 and below