DESIGN STUDIO

BRIEFING
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Department of Urban and Regional Planning
The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Nigeria
STUDIO DESIGNS
HND
 Village Planning

 Urban Design

 Development Planning

 Urban Renewal

PDURP
 Metropolitan Planning

 Regional Planning

 Central Business District (CBD) Design

 Urban Renewal
A typical Village Plan
HND 1 – SEMESTER 1
A typical Urban Design Plan
HND 1 – SEMESTER 2
A typical Development Plan – Lekki Master Plan
HND 2 – SEMESTER 1
Development Plan for Eruwa Town – New development organised into 8
Districts and 42 Neighbourhoods around the existing developments.
Prepared by HND II URP Students, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, 2016/2017
A typical Urban Renewal Project
HND 2 – SEMESTER 2
Typical Design Schedule
Typical Grading format
 Expected Deliverables
• 4 Copies of Report in A4 – Hard Bounded
• 4 Copies of Drawing Folio in A3 with executive summary of
report – Hard Bounded
• A CD or Flash drive of the whole Project
• Presentation Drawings on Flex for Existing and Proposals
• Presentation Model on size approved based on the size of
site???

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STUDIO DESIGN
PROCESS
Project Planning Process & Stages
Existing Situation
- Diagnostic Work
PROJECT CONCEPTUALIZATION AND PROGRAMMING

• Desk review and Project conceptualisation

• A statement of goals that the project should
achieve.
• A list of project objectives by which these
goals will be accomplished.
• A list of project elements that will be
included and a description or analysis of
their interrelationships.
• Case Study review
 SURVEY AND ANALYSIS – DIAGNOSTIC PHASES
Site Survey
Desk Appraisal
Site Survey; and
a. Gathering of Basic Information
It includes understanding the structure, organization, and pattern of urban areas. Basic
information is gathered on such items as land use, population, transportation, natural
systems, and topography. Designers also examine the varied character of the site and the
structure of neighbourhoods and business areas. Problems and design goals are
identified.

b. Visual Survey
The visual survey is a standard part of any design study. It is an examination of the
form, appearance, and composition of a city or neighbourhood. To conduct a visual
survey, one must have a basic idea of the elements of urban form. (The most prominent
is the study of Kevin Lynch: Paths, Nodes, Edges, Districts and Landmarks as five basic
skeletal elements of a city form)

d. Functional Analysis
The functional analysis examines the relationship of activities among the various land
uses and the way that relate to circulation systems. This study builds on the work of the
land-use planners.
BASE MAP AND DATA COLLECTION.
Site Base Map. The Area Base Map provides specific data about the
area and will be used as a base sheet upon which subsequent maps will
be developed. Information typically provided on an Area Base Map
includes existing structures; roadways, driveways, parking and
walkways, topography, streams, water bodies, vegetation, fence lines,
location of utilities, and other significant information.
Vicinity Map. The Vicinity Map includes the area development
boundary and the surrounding areas.
Location Map. The Location Map shows the location of the area
development in a regional context.
Utilities Map. Existing and proposed utility locations are shown in the
vicinity of the site by size and type.
Transportation Map. Existing and proposed area transportation is
shown with existing and proposed carrying capacity of roadways,
hierarchy of roads, and any proposed improvements.
Other Maps. Aerial photographs, topographic surveys, land capability
map, flood maps, soil surveys, and can provide important data about
the area.
Site Analysis.
Off-Site Conditions.
• Land Use. Surrounding land use should be recorded and the land
use category verified.
• Transportation.
• Utilities
• Environmental Conditions and Hazards. ETC Flood plains, Wetland
areas, storm water management areas etc
• Historic, Cultural and/or Archaeological Resources. All structures or
sites that have been defined as historically, culturally or
archeologically significant in the vicinity of the area should be
identified.
• Safety Hazards. All requirements and distances necessary for safety
such as fire codes, flood control, airfield and helipad clear zones, and
explosives safety should be identified.
• Sources of Air, Noise and Light Pollution. Immediate or point
sources of pollution should be identified and their impact upon the
site evaluated.
• Visual Enclosure. The area's viewshed (area of visual enclosure)
extends beyond the area boundaries.
(b) On-Site Conditions.
All factors within the area boundary should be recorded. The following elements should be
examined to evaluate potential impacts and connections within the area development.
Demography and Socio-economic Characteristics
Topography.
Geology.
Hydrology – Surface and Sub surface
Soils. Soils types and locations should be recorded and depicted graphically.
Climate. Average monthly temperature range; Quantity, frequency, and type of precipitation;
sunrise and sunset orientation and angle; Prevailing wind direction throughout the year.
Vegetation. The location of all existing trees should be shown graphically. The trees should
be located by survey and identified by common and botanical name, size and condition.
Wildlife Habitat. Natural wildlife habitats within the development area should be identified.
Threatened and endangered species habitat requires protection.
Archaeological, Cultural and Historic Resources. Structures or sites that have been defined as
historically, culturally or archeologically significant should be identified. Those requiring
preservation will have a significant impact on the development potential of the area.
Visual Survey. This is an evaluation of the visual character of the project area. This
evaluation is made during the site visit and attempts to capture the feeling or essence of the
area. Aspects of the assessment including the following:
Utilities - Surveyed location of all utilities in the immediate vicinity to the site including the
size of the lines, capacities of generation or treatment plants, and current and projected
utilization, and proposed expansion. ETC
Opportunities and Constraints.
The evaluations made in the area site analysis are recorded on a map that summarizes
the opportunities and constraints for development. The opportunities and constraints
evaluation is used to verify the adequacy of the area for the proposed project. The
second step in evaluating the development potential of the site is the preparation of site
opportunities and constraints map. This map is a graphic representation of the entire
positive and negative site characteristics analysed in the site analysis that will influence
the location of the elements of the Site Plan. For preparing the site plan, the
opportunities and constraints should include detailed analysis of slopes, drainage,
trees to be preserved, views to be screened or enhanced, width of roadways and
walkways, existing building footprints, size and locations of other on-site and off-site
natural or manmade features that will impact the planning of the site. The
opportunities and constraints as defined for the site plan should provide the
opportunity to “fine tune” the previous map.
 PROPOSALS
SYNTHESIS (DESIGN PHASE)
 FACILITY
REQUIRE
MENT
AND
LAND
Precinct Plan BUDGET 3
and Detailed
Action Area, Functional
Phasing etc Diagram

Final / 3
Detailed Concept
Proposals Plans

Preliminar
y Plans 3

(Fallout of
Alternative
Evaluation of Plans
Alternatives) Evaluation
of 3
Alternative
Plans
The Five Tasks for Studio Design Proposal
TYPES OF CONCEPT PLAN
There are two types of concept plans necessary for preparation before an
effective land subdivision and layout planning can take place. They are;

Spatial / Functional relationship diagram

A functional relationship is a method of organizing activities and land
uses into ideal arrangements, based upon their interdependence. It places
proposed activities and/or facilities, including circulation, in the ideal
arrangement for efficiency, safety and convenience. They are
geographically loose, usually free-hand sketch but can be computer
generated, but are drawn to scale to define the size of the various activities
as well as their interrelationships. In a bubble diagram, each bubble is
connected with lines which illustrate the importance of the relationship to
each other and whether connection or separation is appropriate.

Concept Plan
The concept site plan further refines and details the spatial/functional
relationships diagram. The concept site plan is a hard-line plan, at scale. It
provides accurate locations, dimensions and elevations for facilities and
site improvements. This plan is further refined into alternative plans.
TYPICAL CONCEPT DIAGRAM
• Linear City
• Radial City
Strategic Alternative Plan ‘A’ - Linear Concept
Strategic Alternative Plan ‘B’ - Radial City Concept
ALTERNATIVE PLAN DEVELOPMENT.
The next step in the area development planning process is preparing a plan.
Alternative plans are developed as a tool for selecting the most desirable final
location of site elements. Plan preparation begins with the development of
alternative plans. Alternative plans are sketch plans that provide organization of
the spatial requirements of the Land Subdivision Layout Plan. The alternative plans
are used to study all possible siting arrangements for achieving an ideal site plan
that includes the desired functional relationships and meets the established goals
and objectives. Three different alternative plans are generally a minimum required
for thorough analysis although more may be required to achieve the optimal
configuration.
EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE PLANS
Upon completion of the alternative plan preparation, the
alternatives will be evaluated and a preferred plan selected.
This step is important because it concerns the selection of the
most viable solution among the alternatives in an objective
way. A number of evaluation methods such as cost/benefit
analysis or goal-achievement matrix have been developed in
the past to perform evaluation to such complicated activities
as urban planning or design. Recently, various simulation
techniques and processes have also been developed so that
the outcomes of each alternative might be made known to
facilitate evaluation. The choice of evaluation method would
of course depend very much on the particular situation as
well as the availability of time and resources.
Typical Evaluation Criteria for selecting the preferred alternative
S/N Criteria Item

Rating

Scores

Alt 1
Alt 2

Alt 3
The Development and Design of Preferred
Concepts into Detail Site Design

1. Preliminary Plan.
2. Final Plan.
3. Action areas and precinct plans.
4. Prepare a Schedule and Phasing Plan.
Development Strategy based on selected Option ‘B’ - Radial City Concept
 Structure for Planning Studio Project Plan and Report
Preface

Table of Contents
List of Tables, Figures, plates
and Chats
Executive Summary
Project Summary The Executive Summary should give a brief description of the project,
identify its location, and describe the basic design objectives. The
purpose and general range of issues addressed by the Plan should be
briefly identified. Proposal with key plans should also be summarized.
CHAPTER ONE - Introduction
 Background and Purpose This section should address the authority and purposes of the Plan and
 Project Goal and the range of issues considered by the document. A description of the
Objectives regulatory nature of the Plan shall be discussed here.
 Scope of the Master Plan Project Goals and Objectives
 Structure of the Master
Plan Document
 Methodology