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DC AC Inverter
Rectifier
DC-DC converter
AC-AC chopper
AC DC
AC/DC CONVERSION: SINGLE PHASE RECTIFIER
• In a real load, there are four different combinations of voltage and current
due to the phase shift.
• So how to do using power electronics?
By switching properly
BASICS IN DC-AC CONVERSION
• Positive voltage across the load while the load drives a negative current:
SWITCHING STATE 3
• Negative voltage across the load while the load drives a positive current:
SWITCHING STATE 4
• The two drawings show two options to provide a current path at a voltage of 0V. The
switching state is called Zero-Vector.
SOME SPECIAL TERM
• Modulation Index is the ratio between the amplitude of the modulated voltage and
the DC voltage used.
• Cos (Ø) is the ratio between active power and apparent power
• Motor operation is operation at 0 < Cos (Ø) < 1
• Generative operation is operation at -1 < Cos (Ø) < 0
• Diference between efficiency and power factor
Efficiency; n = Pout/Pin <1
Power factor; Cos (Ø) =active power/apparent power
TASK 1: SHAPING THE VOLTAGE AND CURRENT
FORM
• Most applications demand a certain current wave form eg. Sine-forms in drive
applications.
• Using a saw tooth or triangle to sine comparison, proper switching signals can
be generated.
TASK 1: SHAPING THE VOLTAGE AND CURRENT
FORM
• The inductive part of the load smoothens the current that is built from
piecewise linear functions:
CIRCUIT A
CIRCUIT B
• Positive voltage across the load while the load drives a negative current:
CIRCUIT C
• Negative voltage across the load while the load drives a positive current:
CIRCUIT D
A B
D C
FULL WAVE RECTIFIER
PREPARED BY DR THEN YI LUNG
4 OCTOBER 2018
3 PHASE DIODE RECTIFIER
REDRAW THE CIRCUIT
3 PHASE DIODE RECTIFIER OPERATION
D1,D2 on
D1,D6 on
D5,D6 on
D5,D4 on
D3,D4 on
D3,D2 on
DC-DC SWITCH MODE
CONVERTERS
PREPARED BY DR THEN YI LUNG
4 OCTOBER 2018
DC-DC CONVERTERS
CONTROL OF DC-DC CONVERTERS
• Output voltage has to be kept constant even though input voltage and output
load may fluctuate
• Controlled by switch on and off durations
STEP-DOWN (BUCK CONVERTER)
• 193.2 V
• 𝐼𝑜 =9.66A
• Average value of thyristor current = 9.66/2 = 4.83A
QUESTION 2
• 176.6V
• 𝐼𝑜 =(176.6 – 10 ) / 5 = 33.32A
𝐼𝑜 2 𝑅+𝐸𝐼𝑜
• Input power factor = 𝑉𝑠𝐼𝑠
= 0.7678
QUESTION 4 (CLASS ASSIGNMENT)
467.734V, 23.386A
QUESTION 5