Understanding Heat

Transfer:
Conduction, Convection
and Radiation
 What is Thermal Energy ?

1) Thermal energy is the total amount of

internal kinetic energy an object has.

2) The higher the temperature of an object,

the more thermal energy the object
possesses.
 What is Heat?

1) Heat is the amount of thermal energy that

can be transferred from one object to
another.

2) SI unit for heat is the joule (J)

3) Heat flows naturally from a body at a higher

temperature to one at a lower temperature
 What is Temperature ?

1) Temperature is the measure of coldness or

hotness of an object

2) The SI unit of temperature is kelvin (K)

 Heat
is NOT
Temperature

( Temperature and heat are different , but they are related )

 Heat vs. Temperature

Heat is the Temperature is the

actual energy… measure of
average kinetic
energy of particles
in a substance.
( Pemindahan Haba )
 Heat always moves from hotter region to a cooler place.

 Heat flows in three ways, which are conduction, convection and

radiation

 Conductors ALLOW heat energy to pass

through easily

 Insulators DO NOT ALLOW heat energy

to pass through easily
 Heat Transfer Method
• Heat transfer in three ways :

1 Conduction

2 Convection

3 Radiation
1 Conduction
 Conduction
• Conduction is the transfer of heat by direct contact of particles of
matter.

• Heat is transferred from one particle of matter to another in an object

without the movement of the object
 When you heat a metal strip at one end, the heat
travels to the other end.

As you heat the metal, the particles vibrate, these vibrations

make the adjacent particles (zarah sebelah) vibrate, and so
on and so on, the vibrations are passed along the metal and
so is the heat. We call this? Conduction
Metal rod
 Wax

The thumbtacks fall off one by one when the wax melts,
starting with thumbtack A, then followed by B and C
2 Convection
 Convection
• Convection is the transfer of heat by the actual
motion of liquid and gases in the form of currents

• Liquid/gases carry heat along when flowing from

one region to another.
What happens to the particles in a liquid or a
gas when you heat them?

The particles spread out and become

less dense.

Heated
Convection Convection
3 Radiation
How does heat energy
transfer from the Sun to the
There are no particles
Earth?
between the Sun and the
Earth so it CANNOT
travel by conduction or
by convection.

RADIATION
?
 Radiation
• Radiation is transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves
such as visible light and infrared waves

• Can even takes place in vacuum

Radiation

Radiation travels in straight lines

True/False

Radiation requires particles to travel

True/False

Radiation travels at the speed of light

True/False
Radiation question

Why are houses painted white in hot countries?

White reflects heat radiation and keeps the house cooler.

Heat Transfers
1. Which of the following is not a
method of heat transfer?

A. Radiation
B. Insulation
C. Conduction
D. Convection
2. In which of the following are
the particles closest together?

A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas
D. Fluid
3. How does heat energy reach
the Earth from the Sun?

A. Radiation
B. Conduction
C. Convection
D. Insulation
4. Which is the best surface for
reflecting heat radiation?

A. Shiny white
B. Dull white
C. Shiny black
D. Dull black
5. Which is the best surface for
absorbing heat radiation?

A. Shiny white
B. Dull white
C. Shiny black
D. Dull black