DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

SOLAR WATER HEATER USING PHASE

CHANGING MATERIAL
 ABSTRACT
A thermal energy storage medium must meet the requirements of a
stable storage material with high heat capacity. Heat storage based on the
sensible heating of media such as water, rock, and earth represents the
first generation of solar energy storage subsystems and technology for
their utilization is well developed. However, recently the heat storage
based on the latent heat associated with a change in phase of a material
offers many advantages over sensible heat storage.
• In this paper discussed about the phase changing characteristics
materials like, paraffin wax added with magnesium and aluminium dioxide
are add as pork fat in outside shell in the tube which carried inside the
solar water heater when the amount of heat is less in the cloudy climate
the paraffin wax and the pork fat presents in it takes place heat which is
stored in the paraffin wax and pork fat kept the temperature the solar
water heater remains constant by the observed heat in the present of
phase changing materials and water remains in same heat constant.
 Phase changing material
• Paraffin wax which added with percentage of
pork fat.
• The main reason to choosing those material
• High thermal conductivity
• High thermal coefficient
 Introduction
• Most systems have a disconnect
between supply and demand

• Intermittent solar energy supply

can be maximized with a heat
storage system

• Thermal energy can be

stored both as sensible
and latent heat

• Continued efforts to find a phase changing material is currently

underway
 Benefits and Drawbacks of PCM
Benefits:
• Higher storage density than sensible heat
• Smaller volume
• Smaller temperature change between storing and releasing energy

Drawbacks:

• Density change
• Low thermal conductivity
• Incongruent melting
 advantages
• During the cloudy climate in the mid of the
day the panel observed heat is remains
constant by the presents of phase changing
pork fat water presents in the pannel utilize
the observed heat by the phase changing
pork fat.
 Other Applications
• Cooling of heat and electrical engines
• Cooling: use of off-peak rates
• Cooling: food, wine, milk products (absorbing peaks in demand), greenhouses
• Heating and hot water: using off-peak rates
• Medical applications: transportation of blood, operating tables, hot–cold therapies
• Passive storage in bio-climatic building/architecture (HDPE, paraffin)
• Safety: temperature level maintenance in rooms with computers or
electrical/electronic appliances
• Smoothing exothermic temperature peaks in chemical reactions
• Solar power plants
• Spacecraft thermal systems
• Thermal comfort in vehicles
• Thermal protection of electronic devices (integrated in the appliance)
• Thermal protection of food: transport, hotel trade, ice-cream, etc.
• Thermal storage of solar energy
 Conclusion
• Thermal energy storage is imperative to make
solar energy more reliable and competitive

• Further research in phase changing material

can improve the efficiency of energy storage

• Design of the system is also important in

optimizing energy storage
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