FORMWORK SYSTEMS

Group 1:
Albino
Gumiran
Negapatan
Salazar
Serrano
Objective:

Using a material of your choosing, wood, steel or

aluminum, present and design the formwork system
for a typical cast in place column, beam and slab
floor reinforced concrete system.
What are formworks?
Advantages of Aluminum Formwork:

1. Short period of construction

2. Highly reuse rate
3. User-friendly
4. Wide range of application
5. Less joints fissure and higher accuracy.
6. Less waste left on the construction site.
Disadvantages of Aluminum Formwork:

1. Very high investment

2. Heavy
3. Difficulty in having architectural changes
Formwork for Columns
Conventional Formwork vs Modern Formwork
Conventional Formwork vs Modern Formwork

● more flexible
● relatively cheaper to build
● easy to produce but time-
consuming for larger structures
● preferred for structures with
varying sizes of columns
 Conventional Formwork vs Modern Formwork

● easier to assemble
and dismantle
● structure is faster to
build
● limited use
● relatively expensive
Materials:
● Bottom wooden brace
(2 x 2 in)
● Phenolic plywood
(4 x 8 ft, 18 mm thick)
● Tie rods
● Strut jacks
● Aluminum vertical brace
(0.30 mm spacing)
● Aluminum horizontal
brace
(0.60 mm spacing)
● Column Clamps (optional)
Installation Process:

Install the bottom brace by

concrete nailing it to the previously
poured slab or foundation.
Installation Process:

Erect the four phenolic

plywoods with vertical
aluminum stiffeners by
nailing them on the bottom
brace.

Spacing: 0.35mm
Installation Process:

Erect the four phenolic

plywoods with vertical
aluminum stiffeners by
nailing them on the bottom
brace.
Installation Process:

Around the vertical braces,

horizontal braces are placed
using tie rods or column
clamps.

Spacing: 0.60mm
Formwork for Beams
Beam Formworks

■Consists of open through section

■It is not closed at the top = requires supporting
framework to restrain sides
■Supports maintained to the soffit
■Lateral support at the sides
■Metal panels are used with corner pieces
civil.emu.edu.tr
Aluminum Formworks

■Lighter than steel because of their lower density

■Less strength therefore it is necessary to use larger
sections
■Economical (high reusability)
■Disadvantage: no changes once formwork is
fabricated
civil-resources.blogspot.com
Product (Aluminum) Process Sample
(https://easy-installation-aluminum-shuttering-formwork-system-for-building)
Construction of Formwork

■Propping and Centering

■Shuttering
■Provision of Camber – to counteract effect of deflection
■Surface Treatment
- cleaned of all rubbish (e.g. sawdust)
- face of formwork shall be cleaned and treated with oil/ soft soap solution
to prevent concrete getting stuck
■Order and Method of Removing Formwork
civil-resources-blogspot.com/2010/06/formwork
Formwork - Measurement

■Measure of contact area

Contact Area = 2h(L+B)

civildigital.com/formworks-beams-slabs
Duration taken for removal

■Vertical sides of Beams = 1-2 days

■Beam Soffit = 7 days
civil-resources-blogspot.com/2010/06/formwork
Formwork for Slabs
Components
Components
● Slab panel - Used to support the concrete weight during
pouring and casting, aka sheathing

Aluminum Phenolic Plywood

Components
● Formwork girders - Provide support to the slab panels
Components
● Formwork girders
Components
● Slab props - Also known as shores, used to support the
formwork girders
Components
● Slab prop head - Connect the slab props and the girders
Components
● Slab edges and corners - Determine where the concrete
pour stops, provides lateral support
Components
● Concrete spacers - Separate the steel reinforcements
from the formworks
Design
Design
● Estimate the design load
○ Weight of the concrete
○ Weight of the formwork
○ Weight of the equipment and personnel
Design
● Determine the sheathing thickness and spacing of its
supports (joists)
○ Use tables to determine material and geometric
properties of chosen sheathing
○ Determine if bending, deflection, or rolling shear
governs - this will determine the spacing between
joists
Design
Design
Design
● Determine joist size and spacing of supports (stringer
spacing)
○ Use tables to determine material and geometric
properties of chosen joists
○ Determine if bending, deflection, or rolling shear
governs - this will determine the spacing between
stringers
Design
● Determine stringer size and span (shore spacing)
○ Compute loading for each stringer
○ Determine if bending, deflection, or rolling shear
governs - this will determine the spacing between
shores (minimum of 30 cm)
Design
● Perform shore design to support stringers
○ Compute for the area of support for each shore using
the dimensions of the stringers
Design
● Design lateral bracing
○ The slab edges and corners should be able to resist
the lateral pressure exerted by the concrete
○ Additional lateral bracing will increase the resistance of
said formworks
Set-up
Set-up
● Set up the slab props. The slab props should not be less
than 30 cm apart. Set up starting from the walls first, going
inward.
Set-up
● Attach the main supporting girders (stringers) to the props
using the slab heads. Stringers are usually held together
using steel ties or rods.
Set-up
● The secondary girders (joists) are put on top of the
stringers, each of them supported by several stringers.
Set-up
● Slab panels or
phenolic plywood
are placed on top
of the secondary
girders. Ensure
that there are no
spaces in
between the
panels for
leakage.
Set-up
● The slab corners are usually placed on the walls or the
wall formworks. If the slab reinforcements are going to be
subjected to prestressing, then the wall formworks should
be able to accommodate the “anchors” of the
reinforcement.
Set-up
● The concrete spacers are placed on top of the slab panels
or plywood to separate them from the steel
reinforcements.
Set-up
● Mould oil is applied or sprayed on the surfaces of the
formworks to make removal easier.
Set-up
● For slabs, supporting formworks can be removed 3-4 for
days after pouring the concrete. The slab props beneath
it, however, can only be removed after 7-14 days.
Set-up
THANK YOU!