CYBER BULLYING

Ayo, Bantayan, Mendoza

 INTRODUCTION
Cyber bullying can be defined as an aggressive act or
behavior that is carried out using electronic means by
an individual or a group repeatedly, and overtime against a
victim who cannot easily defend him/ herself. Williard (2003)
originally defined cyber bullying as language that is
“defamatory, constitutes bullying, harassment, or
discrimination, discloses personal information, or contains
offensive, vulgar or derogatory comments”.
There are different causes where cyber bullying manifests,
commonly cyber bullying come from relationship
problems such as breakups, envy, close - mindedness
of contrasting ideas or opinions and ganging up.
Victims of electronic bullying then experience negative
outcomes mostly on how they interact and socialize with
others.
In the Philippines an informal nationwide survey on 2012
showed that cyber bullies seems most likely to damage a
victims reputation, appearance and opinion. The
manner of attack comes from spreading malicious
Photoshop images, spreading private videos and
spreading lies about the person.
IMPORTANT TERMS

• Flaming – sending angry, rude, vulgar messages directed at

a person or persons privately or to an online group.
• Harassment – repeatedly sending a person offensive
messages.
• Cyber stalking – harassment that include threats of harm or
is highly intimidating.
• Denigration (put-downs) – sending or posting harmful,
untrue, or cruel statements about a person to other people.
IMPORTANT TERMS

• Masquerade – pretending to be someone else and sending

or posting material that makes that person look bad or places
that person in potential danger.
• Outing and trickery – sending and posting material about
a person that contains sensitive, private, or embarrassing
information, including forwarding private messages or
images. Engaging in tricks to solicit embarrassing information
that is then made public.
• Exclusion – actions that specifically and intentionally
exclude a person from an online group.
KEY CONCEPTS

Self – Esteem

It is the worth, the regard and the value we give ourselves.

One of the theories included in self – esteem is
psychopathology, masochism and suicide is an effect of low
self – esteem, victims of cyber bullying may have low self –
esteem and confidence on their abilities, these may be the
result of being threatened or having a damage reputation in
social media. While cyber bullies use their aggressive behavior
to gain a superior reputation over his/her victim in order to
amplify his/her self – esteem.
KEY CONCEPTS

Self- Image

Lies more on the question, what should I be? According to

David Buss, perception of threats typically leads us to do
something about the source of threat, such as express anger
through exploitation, escape or avoidance. Cyber bullies may
have the need to gain a reputation that they are strong among
others, so they exploit and do damage in the internet, also
they might be facing problems they cannot cope with so they
express their frustration by bullying one.
 EXPOSITION
A. Local
In Naga City, there are also a lot of cases about cyber
bullying. Most cases are unreported. One example of the
reported issue by the CNN Philippines regarding cyber
bullying is Vice President Leni Robredo’s taking up the
cudgels against cyber bullies by which a website named “We
Are Collective” on March 3, 2017 launched its first of five
exposes against Robredos. The exposes were dubbed as “Naga
Leaks” in reference to the City where the late Robredo served
as a mayor for many years. The City of Naga has taken a
move to counter and deal with this issue.
 EXPOSITION
B. National
According to one article that discusses the culture of
Cyber bullying in the Philippines, cultural determinants
contributes to cyber lynching. These determinants are not
necessarily bad, but our strength as a nation, but can also
become our weakness.

• The Philippine democratic culture by which Filipinos have a

notion that they can do or say what they want without
accountability.
• Overemphasis on Privacy, by being anonymous (buy prepaid
simcard, use an alias in networking sites)
• Filipinos are highly engaging and opionated
• The Filipinos are bias for the underdog and the aggrieved
party.

Because of the increasing numbers of Cyberbullying, the

Anti-bullying Act of 2013 has been signed. Since the Anti-
bullying act of 2013 covers only high schools students and
below, adult victims on the other hand, can seek legal remedy
from some provisions of Cybercrime law.
C. International

There has been a study on Ipsos’ recent Global Advisory,

carried out in 28 countries, finds that awareness of cyber
bullying is increasing globally.
Majorities in every country feel existing anti-bullying
measures are insufficient when it comes to handling this
issue.
 There are several states, countries across the world that
have implemented strong and seemingly effective anti-cyber
bullying laws. The strongest cyber bullying laws in the world
are; Canada, United Kingdom, Hawaii, Maryland, Idaho,
Louisiana, North Carolin, Tennessee, and Wiscconsin. The
medium-level cyberbulllying laws are in; Philippines,
Australia, New Jersey.
STATISTICS
 RECOMMENDATION
The following are simple steps to prevent and lessen cyber
bullying incidents.

• Educate yourself – it is important to know what cyber

bullying is and how it occurs to protect yourself from being
subject to it or to put it to an end. Also, those informations
can help when you know someone who is experiencing cyber
bullying.
• Keep your password –it is best to keep your social media
accounts’ passwords private to keep all your personal photos
and information safe.
• Pause before you post – as much as you have the freedom
to express yourself, it’s important to think multiple times
before posting anything on your social media accounts. People
might misunderstand it and judge you immediately.
• Systematize privacy controls – manage who can see your
post; it is highly advisable to limit it only to those who know
you personally.
THANK YOU!