Methods for The Integration

of Variabel Renewable
Energy into Unit
Commitment Scheme in
Microgrid System
IERE 2019, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

Presented by :
Ignatius Rendroyoko
GM of PLN East Nusa Tenggara Region
Research Background
1. The development of variable RE generation technology has
triggered development and operations in many regions by being
integrated (on-grid) into the local system
2. One method of integrating variable EBT generators on an
existing microgrid system is unit commitment (UC). This method
is to determine which generating unit is ready to operate and
schedule its output to meet the load
3. In the UC implementation an algorithm is needed to optimize
generator readiness and generation costs. One of the best
algorithms that can be used is Genetic Algorithm (GA)
4. Study is needed to determine the role of genetic algorithms in
the regulation of commitment units applied in microgrid systems

www.pln.co.id |
Research Problems

1. How do the methods for integrating PLTS, PLTB and

electricity loads have availability and fluctuating
uncertainties so that the power system continues to
operate properly
2. The formulation of GA customization for optimizing the
scheme of setting the generator operation on a unit
commitment basis while maintaining system stability and
cost
3. Setting code on genetic algorithms to make generator
scheduling on unit commitment implementation in
microgrid systems
www.pln.co.id |
Research Scope

www.pln.co.id |
Unit Commitmen Scheme

Data generator units connected

to the microgrid system
Sequence and
schedule of
Data forcast UNIT generator operations
on the to meet the load
availability of COMMITMENT
RE sources
with minimum
operating costs, on
microgrid systems
Electrical load data on
microgrid systems

Constraint : Constraint :
Power Transmission
Balanced Constraint : System Capacity
Power Reserve

www.pln.co.id |
www.pln.co.id |
www.pln.co.id | 01
Research References (1)
1. Sanjay Kumar Prajabati and Kishan Bushan Sahay (2016), “A Survey Paper on Solar Irradiance Forcasting
Methods”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), Vol. 5 Issue 03, March 2016
2. Landberg, L., Giebel, G., Nielsen, H.A., Nielsen, T., Madsen, H.: ‘Short-term prediction – an overview’, Wind
Energy (Special Review Issue on Advances in Wind Energy), 2003, 6, (3), pp. 273–280
3. K. P. Moustris; D. Zafirakis; K. A. Kavvadias; dan J. K. Kaldellis (2016), “Wind power forecasting using
historical data and artificial neural networks modeling”, MedPower 2016, 6-9 November 2016, Belgrade,
Serbia
4. Jing Wu, Audun Botterud, Andrew Mills, Zhi Zhou, Bri-Mathias Hodge, dan Mike Heaney (2015), “Integrating
solar PV (photovoltaics) in utility system operations: Analytical framework and Arizona case study”, Energy,
Volume 85, Pages 1-9, 1 June 2015.
5. Saleh Y. Abujarad⁎, M.W. Mustafa, J.J. Jamian, “Recent approaches of unit commitment in the presence of
intermittent renewable energy resources: A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 70,
Pages 215-223, April 2017.
6. S.Watetakarn and S. Premrudeepreechacharn, “Forecasting of Solar Irradiance for Solar Power Plants by
Artificial Neural Network”, IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT ASIA), Bangkok, Thailand,
2015.
7. David P Larson, Lukas Nonnenmacher, Carlos F.M. Coimbra (2015), “Dayahead Forecasting of Solar Power
Output From Photovoltaic Plants in The American Southwest”, Renewable Energy 91 (2016), page 11-20,
2016.
www.pln.co.id |
Research References (2)
8. Sajjad Abedi, Gholam Hossein Riahy, Seyed Hossein Hosseinian, and Arash Alimardani (2011), “Risk-Constrained
Unit commitment of Power System Incorporating PV and Wind Farms”, The British Photovoltaic Association (PV-
UK), Eversley, 1998.
9. Lingling Fan, “Control and Dynamics in Power Systems and Microgrids”, CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group,
Florida, 2017.
10. Rajiv K. Varma, Jon Berge, I. Axente, Vinay Sharma, dan Ken Walsh (2012), “Determination of Maximum PV
Solar System Connectivity in a Utility Distribution Feeder,” PES T&D 2012, Orlando, Florida – USA.
11. S.Y.I. Abujarad, M.W. Mustafa, dan J. J. Jamian (2016), “Unit commitment Problem Solution in The Presence of
Solar and Wind Power Integration By An Improved Priority List Method,” 2016 6th International Conference on
Intelligent and Advanced Systems (ICIAS).
12. T. Alquthami, H. Ravindra, M. O. Faruque, M. Steurer, dan T. Baldwin (2010), “Study of Photovoltaic Integration
Impact on System Stability Using Custom Model of PV Arrays Integrated with PSS/E,” North American Power
Symposium 2010, Arlington, Texas – USA.
13. Rajiv K. Varma, Jon Berge, I. Axente, Vinay Sharma, dan Ken Walsh (2012), “Determination of Maximum PV
Solar System Connectivity in a Utility Distribution Feeder,” PES T&D 2012, Orlando, Florida – USA.
14. G.J. Osório, J.M. Lujano-Rojas, J.C.O. Matias, dan J.P.S. Catalão (2015), "A new scenario generation-based
method to solve the unit commitment problem with high penetration of renewable energies," International
Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 64, pp. 1063-1072.

www.pln.co.id |
Research References (3)
15. Devendra Kumar, A shiwani Kumar, dan Lokesh Kumar Yadav (2014), “Unit commitment of Thermal Power Plant
in Integration With Wind and Solar Plant Using Genetic Algorithm,” International Journal of Engineering
Research & Technology (IJERT), Vol. 3 Issue 7.
16. Jing Wu, Audun Botterud, Andrew Mills, Zhi Zhou, Bri-Mathias Hodge, dan Mike Heaney (2015), “Integrating
solar PV (photovoltaics) in utility system operations: Analytical framework and Arizona case study”, Article in
Energy 85.
17. Prajna Paramita Dash dan Mehrdad Kazerani (2010), “Impact of MPPT on Grid Connected Photovoltaic System
Dynamic,” Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE) 2010 23rd Canadian Conference on, pp. 1-5.
18. Shinichi Takayama, dan Ryuji Matsuhashi (2016), “Development of Model for Load Frequency Control in Power
System with Large-scale Integration of Renewable Energy”, IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI),
Champaign, IL, USA.
19. Alexandre Oudalov, Daniel Chartouni, dan Christian Ohler (2007), “Optimizing a Battery Energy Storage System
for Primary Frequency Control,” IEEE Transactions on Power System, Vol. 22, No. 3.
20. E. Liu dan J. Bebic (2008), “Distribution System Voltage Performance Analysis for High-Penetration
Photovoltaics,” National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Niskayuna, New York.
21. Prabha Kundur, John Paserba, Venkat Ajjarapu, Göran Andersson, Anjan Bose, Claudio Canizares, Nikos
Hatziargyriou, David Hill, Alex Stankovic, Carson Taylor, Thierry Van Cutsem, and Vijay Vittal (2004), “Power
System Stability and Control”, IEEE Transactions on Power System, Vol. 19, No. 2, May 2004

www.pln.co.id |
Research References (4)
22. Yun Tiam Tan (2004), “Impact on The Power System with a Large Penetration of Photovoltaic Generation”,
The University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, United Kingdom.
23. Yun Tiam Tan, Daniel S Kirschen, and Nicholas Jenkins (2004), “A Model of PV Generation Suitable for Stability
Analysis”, IEEE Transaction Energy Conversion, Vol. 19, No. 4, December 2004.
24. Jinxiang Zhu, Hongyan Li, Lan Trinh, Shu Wang, Greg Brinkman (2012), “Economic Assesment of Energy
Storage System For Renewable Integration”, International Conference on Large Electric Sistem – CIGRE 2012,
August 2012
25. M. Indra al Irsyad, Anthony Basco Halog, Rabindra Nepal, and Deddy P. Koesrindartoto (2017), “Selecting
Tools for Renewable Energy Analysis in Developing Countries : An Expanded Review”, Frontiers in Energy
Research, December 2017
26. Kevin Marojahan Banjar Nahor (2017), “Smart Microgrid: Pilihan Solusi Bagi Tantangan Kelistrikan Indonesia”,
ppigrenoble.wordpress.com, January 2017.
27. Kevin M. Banjar-Nahor, Lauric Garbuio, Vincent Debusschere, Nouredine Hadjsaid, Thi-Thu-Ha Pham, Ngapuli
Sinisuka (2017), “Study on Renewable Penetration Limits in a Typical Indonesian Islanded Microgrid
considering the Impact of Variable Renewables Integration and the Empowering Flexibility on Grid Stability”,
pigrenoble.wordpress.com, January 2017

www.pln.co.id |