All primary activities can be utilized only if we have a

process

Raw materials : materials required by any industry for the

production of goods

The process of converting raw materials into finished

products is called MANUFACTURING
.IndustrialRevolution in the 18 century has in
Britain and spread through Europe . It made
many developments in modern factories .it made
relationship of humans,machines,and natural
resources stronger

Manufacturing is related to all the economic

activities as it need raw materials . It removes
poverty and unemployment . thus, every country
wants to develop its manufacturing sector.

An economic activity that is related with the

producing of goods is called INDUSTRY

EX : extraction of minerals
CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIES :

Factors like availability of raw materials , water

supply , capital investment ,sources of power ,
development and growth of manufacturing
industries etc..Thus , resources are classified as
two groups :

*on the basis of raw materials: industries might

be getting materials from different sectors.
*on the basis of ownership : industries might be
owned one or many.
*on the basis of size: the size of industry
depends upon the amount of capital
invested,numder of labourers employed and
the amount of goods produced.
On the basis of raw materials

*Argo-based industries –These industries

get raw materials from agriculture. Cotton
textiles, vegetable oil etc…processing are
agro-based industries

•Mineral based industries- industries

which minerals from rocks. Extracting iron
, steel etcc…

•Pastoral based industries –these collect

raw materials form animals like sheep
etc… woollen textiles ,leather good and
dairy products are processed
*marine based industries- these get their raw
materials from sea and oceans.sea food and fish oil
are processed

*forest based industries- these get their materials

from forest and processing of paper , cardboard etc..
Is done
 On the basis of size :

*cottage industries-very small industries which are

set up in the home of the worker , especially in the
rural areas these utilize local materials and basic
tools .mostly found in rural areas .mainly sale in
the local market.

*small scale industries- these use more machine

power. Materials obtained from other country and
goods are sold through traders . These help the
country to develop . they produce cloth , paper
goods , etc…
*large scale industries- these use heavy
power-driven machines. Huge
investment , thousands of labourers and a
complex management system .
EX steels mills , iron mills etc…
On the basis of ownership :

*private sector industries- owned and

managed by a person or more.
EX reliance , tatasteel etc..

*public hector industries- owned and

managed by the state or central govt .
EX bhilai steel etc…

*cooperate sector industries- owned and

managed by a group of people, generally the
producers of raw materials
EX amul , handloom
*multinational corporations- these are set up
by collaboration with foreign investors. Such
industries are owned and managed by
members of 2 or more countries.

EX COCA COLA