SURATGARH SUPER THERMAL POWER

STATION

NAME : PUNEET KULRIA

 INTRODUCTION

 Suratgarh Thermal Power Station is the first super thermal power station
of Rajasthan with the total installed capacity of 1500 MW.

 Suratgarh Thermal Power station is located 27 km from Suratgarh town

in Ganganagar Dist., Rajasthan.

 This station is operated and maintained by Rajasthan Rajya Vidhyut

Utpadan Nigam Ltd.

 . At present there are 6 units of 250MW

S.S.T.P.S. is designed in six stages

 STAGE I - 1x250 MW•STAGE II - 1X250 MW

 STAGE III - 1X250 MW
 STAGE IV - 1X250 MW
 STAGE V 1X250 MW
 STAGE VI - 1X250 MW
 STAGE VII- 1X660MW(Under construction)
 STAGE VIII- 1X660MW(Under construction)

 Total Power Generation - 1500 MW

 WORKING OF THERMAL POWER
PLANT
coal
Chi
Coal mne
Storage y
Air
Pre-heater Air
Coal Handling
Plant
Turbine Generat Exciter
Economizer
or

Ash Handling Super

Plant Boiler Heater

Feed Water
Make up Heater
Ash storage
Water

Deaerator Condenser
STEAM

COAL WATER Cooling

Tower
4
ASH FLUE GASES
OPERATION IN THERMAL POWER PLANT

Worked on the principle of Rankine cycle.

Step wise operations in a thermal
power plant are as follows:-
Coal is used as a fuel to boil
the water.
Water is boiled to form
pressurized steam.
Pressurized steam is the force
that cause the turbine to rotate at
a very high speed.
Low pressure steam after
pushing through the turbine ,it’s
going into the condenser.
Condenser – the place where
the steam is condensed back it
it’s liquid form .Then the
process is repeated
MAIN PARTS OF THERMAL POWER PLANT

 Boiler
 Super heater
 Steam Turbine
 Economiser
 Coal handling plant
 Generator
 Generating transformer
 Cooling system
 Ash handling plant
 COAL HANDLING PLANT
 Coal Comes from M.P.(Bilaspur) &
Chhattisgarh.
 Raw coal is transported from coal
mines by railways.
 Coal is unloaded from wagons by
wagon tippler.
1. Wagons are rotated upside down
through an angle of 180 degrees.
2. coal is manually crushed then it pass
through crusher transported to
crusher house with the help of
conveyer belts.
 Crusher crushes coal to a size of
20mm.
 Then coal is sent to Pulverizing mill.
 FLOW CHART
USING
WAGON
TRIPLER DISCHARGED
THROUGH TRAIN
TO UNDER-
UNLOAD HOPPER

RAW
MATERIAL
CRUSHING
HOUSE
PROCESSING OF COAL
HANDLING PLANT

FURNANCE

BUNKER
SEND TO COAL MILL
DIRECT FIRING TO FORM
PULVERISED
COAL
 COAL PULVERIZER
 One of the critical power plant components that is relied upon to
convert the energy stored in coal into electricity is the coal
Pulverizer or mill.
 Pulverizer mill used to convert solid coal into coal powder called
Pulverized coal
 The pulverized coal and air mixture is then transport to the boiler
burner panels.
ASH HANDLING PLANT
This plant can be divided into 3 sub
plants as follows:-
1) Fuel and Ash Plant.
2) Air and Gas Plant.
3) Ash Disposal and & Dust
Collection plant

 Ash handling comprises the

following operation:
 1. Removal of ash from the
furnace ash hoppers.
 2. Transfer of ash to a fill or
storage
 3. Disposal of stored ash.
 UTILIZATION OF ASH

1.Manufacturing of building materials.

2. Making of concrete.
3. Manufacturing of cement.
4. Road construction etc.
 BOILER
 Water is converted into steam inside the boiler.

 Coal is burnt inside boiler.

 Generated heat is used to generate steam.

 WATER TUBE BOILER are used in SSTPS.

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 WATER TUBE BOILER
In this type of boiler water flows inside the tubes and hot gases flow
outside the tubes. These tubes are interconnected to common water
channels and to steam outlet.
•The water tube boilers have many advantages over the fire tube
boilers
•High evaporation capacity due to availability of large heating
surface.
•Better heat transfer to the mass of water.
•Better efficiency of plant owing to rapid and uniform circulation of
water in tubes.
•Better overall control.
 SUPER HEATER
Super heater is used to remove the moisture content
from the steam.
The steam at pressure 140 kg/m² and 530 degree C is passed to the
super heater from boiler drum.
Super heater raises the temperature of steam above 540 degree C.
Steam is passed to the High Pressure Turbine.
Advantages of super heater
1. Increases efficiency
2. Reduces corrosion of turbine blades.

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 ECONOMISER

A common application of economizers in steam power plants is to

capture the waste heat from boiler stack gases (flue gas) and transfer
it to the boiler feed water. This raises the temperature of the boiler
feed water, lowering the needed energy input, in turn reducing the
firing rates needed for the rated boiler output.
Thus improves efficiency of plant.
Temp. inside ECONOMISER is about 315 deg c.

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 AIR PREHEATER

 It is used to preheat the air before entering

into furnace.

It is a heat exchanger in which some further

heat is extracted from the flue gases and
use to heat the coming air for combustion.

In SSTPS regenerative type air pre-heater is

used.

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 E.S.P

 The full form of ESP is electro static preceptor .An ESP can be
defined as a device that utilized electric forces to separate suspended
particle from flue gases.

 ESP is highly efficient device for extraction of suspended particle

and fly ash from the industrial flue gases.

ADVANTAGES OF ESP:-
 High ash collection efficiency.

 Low resistance path for gas flow.

E.S.P
 CHIMNEY
Chimney is used to leave the flue gases at proper height in the
environment.
Their height is so decided that flue gases can’t affect area of about
50km(approx 220m).
Content of flue gases are checked at different heights inside the
chimney.
Dust output – 300mg
So2 output - 421mg
Nox output - 354mg
Co2 output - 5mg
 TURBINE
Turbine is rotating device that converts the energy of a moving stream
of water, steam, or gas into mechanical energy. The basic element in a
turbine is a wheel or rotor.
This mechanical energy is then transferred through a drive shaft to
operate an alternator.

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 TURBINE In a Thermal Power Plant generally 3 turbines are
used to increase the efficiency. .
• High Pressure Turbine(HPT): The superheated steam is
directly fed to this turbine to rotate it.
• Intermediate Pressure Turbine(IPT): The out put from the
HPT is reheated In a reheated(RH) and used to rotate IPT .
• Low Pressure Turbine(LPT): The Exhausted steam from
the IPT is directly fed to rotate the shaft of LPT.
 CONDENSER
 It reduce the turbine exhaust pressure so as to increase the
specific output of the turbine.
 It recover high quality feed water in the firm of condensate and
feed it back to the steam generator without any further treatment.

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 FEED WATER
The system coming out the turbine is condensed and the condensate is
feedback to the boiler as feed water.
Some water may be lost due to blow-down, leakage etc. and to make up
these losses additional water, called the make-up water, is required to be fed
to the boiler. The make-up water in a modern thermal plant is about 1-4%.
The heating of feed water :
Improves the overall efficiency of the plant
ii. Removes dissolved oxygen and carbon-die-oxide
iii.Causes precipitation of other impurities carried by steam and
condensate outside the boiler
iv.Avoids thermal stresses owing to entry of cold water into the boiler.
 COOLING TOWER

The condensate (water) formed in the condenser after condensation is

initially at high temperature. This hot water is passed to cooling towers.

It is a tower- or building- like structure in which atmospheric air circulates in

direct or indirect contact with warmer water and the water is thereby cooled.

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 GENERATOR
 Mechanical energy is converted into electric power the stator windings of
generator by the interaction of rotating magnetic field.
 Rotating magnetic field is created by field windings mounted on rotor shaft
with the help of excitation system.
 When the shaft is rotated at 3000 RPM by the coupled turbine electric
power is generated at a voltage 16.5 KV and 50 HZ frequency.
 ADVANTAGE OF THE HYDROGEN
COOLING
In STPS Hydrogen Cooling System is employed for
generator cooling.
Hydrogen is used Because of its superior cooling properties
& we can eliminate the fire risk because it doesn’t support
combustion.
Thermal conductivity of H2 is 7.3 times of air.
 SWITCH YARD
Switchyard is basically a yard or an open area where many different
kinds of equipment are located (isolator, circuit breaker etc.), responsible
for connecting and disconnecting the transmission line as per
requirement (e.g. any fault condition).
 CONTROL UNIT
In Control Room various controls are provided simultaneously various
measurement are made. The unit Control Room has a set of parameter
panels for indicating and recording parameters of boiler and turbo sets.
The parameters recorded in control room pressure and temperature of line
stream, re-heat steam, feed water, fuel oil flow, mill outlet temperature,
turbine speed, control valve operation, turbine shaft, axial shaft, back
pressure in condenser, metal temperature etc.
ADVANTAGES OF THERMAL POWER
PLANT
• The fuel used is quite cheap.
• Less initial cost as compared to other generating plants.
• It can be installed at any place irrespective of the existence of
coal. The coal can be transported to the site of the plant by rail
or road.
• It require less space as compared to Hydro power plants.
• Cost of generation is less than that of diesel power plants.

DISADVANTAGES OF THERMAL POWER

PLANT
• It pollutes the atmosphere due to production of large amount of
smoke.
• It is costlier in running cost as compared to Hydro electric
plants.
THANK YOU