TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION

PROBLEM-1

State of stress at a point is represented by

the element shown. Determine the state of
stress at the point on another element
orientated 30 clockwise from the position
shown.

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-1
 x  y  x  y
 x'   cos 2   xy sin 2
2 2
 80  50  80  50
  cos  60o  (25) sin - 60o
2 2
 25.8 MPa

 x  y  x  y
 y'   cos 2   xy sin 2
2 2
 80  50  80  50
  cos  60o  (25) sin - 60o
2 2
  4.15 MPa

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-1

 x  y
 x' y'   sin 2   xy cos 2
2

 80  50
  sin  60o  (25) cos - 60o
2
  68.8 MPa

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-2
State of plane stress at a point on a body is represented on the
element shown. Represent this stress state in terms of
1. the maximum in-plane shear stress and associated
average normal stress, and
2. the in-plane principal stress and its orientation.

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-2
1. The maximum in-plane shear stress and associated average
normal stress.

tan 2 s 

  x  y 2    20  90 2
  0.9167
 xy 60

s = 21.3o
2
 x  y 
 in
max
 plane      xy
2
 2 
2
  20  90 
    60
2

 2 
 81.4 MPa

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-2
 x  y
 avg 
2
 20  90

2
 35 MPa

2. The in-plane principal stress and its orientation.

2
 x  y  x  y 
 1 ,2       xy
2
2  2 
2
 20  90   20  90 
     60
2
2  2 
 (35  81.4) MPa

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-2

 1  (35  81.4) MPa  116.4 MPa

 2  (35  81.4) MPa   46.4 MPa

Principal stress orientation.

 xy 60
tan 2 p    1.091
 x   y  2  20  90 2

p = – 23.7o

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-3
Steel pipe has inner diameter of 60 mm and outer diameter of 80 mm. It is
subjected to a torsional moment of 8 kN·m and a bending moment of 3.5
kN·m. Determine:
1. The maximum in-plane shear stress and associated average normal
stress.
2. The in-plane principal stress and its orientation.

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-3
Investigate a point on pipe that is
subjected to a state of maximum critical
stress.

• Torsional and bending moments are

uniform throughout the pipe’s length.

• At arbitrary section a-a, loadings

produce the stress distributions shown.

• Point A undergoes maximum

compressive stress and point B
undegoes maximum tensile stress.

• Thus, the critical point is at B.

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-3

Maximum tensile stress at point B:

Mc (3500)(0.04)
  π  101.86 MPa
Iz 4
(0.04  0.03 )
4 4

Maximum shear stress at point B:

Tc (-8000)(0.04)
τ  π  116.4 MPa
J 2
(0.04  0.03 )
4 4

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-3
1. The maximum in-plane shear stress and associated average
normal stress.

2
 x  y 
 in
max
 plane      xy
2
 2 
2
 101.86  0 
    (116.4)
2

 2 
 127 MPa

 x  y 101.86  0
 avg    50.9 MPa
2 2

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-3
2. The in-plane principal stress and its orientation.
2
 x  y  x  y 
 1 ,2       xy
2
2  2 
2
101.86  0  101.86  0 
     (116.4)
2
2  2 
 (50.9  127) MPa
 1  (50.9  127) MPa  177.9 MPa
 2  (50.9  127) MPa   76.1 MPa

 xy  116.4
tan 2 p    2.285
 x   y  2 101.86  0 2
p = – 33.1o
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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-4
Stress in Shafts Due to Axial Load, Bending Load and Torsion

A shaft has a diameter of 4 cm. The cutting section shows

in the figure is subjected to a compressive force of 2500 N,
a bending moment of 800 Nm and a torque of 1500 Nm.

Determine: 1. The stress state of point A.

2. The principal stresses and its orientation
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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-4
1. The stress state at point A has been
solved in Tutorial-6 Problem-3. The
results are as follows
xy Shear stress: xy = A = 119.37 MPa
x
Normal stress: x = A’ + A”

= (– 1.99 – 127.32) MPa

= – 129.31 MPa

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 TUTORIAL-7: STRESS TRANSFORMATION
PROBLEM-4
2. The principal stress at point A and its orientation
2
 x  y x  y 
 1 ,2  
    xy 2
2  2 
2
 129.31  0   129.31  0 
     119.37
2
2  2 
 (64.65  135.75) MPa
 1  (64.65  135.75) MPa  71.10 MPa
 2  (64.65  135.75) MPa   200.40 MPa

 xy 119.37
tan 2 p    1.846
 x   y  2  129.31  0 2
p = – 30.78o
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