INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY
ASWIN PRAKASH A
AMAL HARI
HRIDUL SURENDRAN P
ASWANTH KUMAR K
VALUE ENGINEERING

• Value, as defined is the ratio of function to cost.

• Value Engineering (VE, or Value Analysis) is a management
technique that seeks the best functional balance between
cost, reliability and performance of a product, project, process
or service.
• Value Engineering is an organizational creative approach for
the purpose of identifying of unnecessary cost.
VALUE ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES

1. Systematic method for evaluating product performance and

value

2. The use of multi-functional teams

3. Focus on a simplified product

• It includes:-
1. Cost cutting
2. Design review
3. Project Elimination
4. Scope reduction
5. Quality reduction
6. Detailed Cost Estimating
7. Redesign
• Value Engineering helps us to learn how to :
• Improve our career skills
• Separate “Symptoms” from “problems”
• Solve “root cause “ problems and capture
opportunities
• Become more competitive by improving
“benchmarking” process
• Take command of a powerful problem solving
methodology to use in any situation
• Reduction in cost of existing products or systems
• Prevention of unnecessary cost in new products
 Plant Layout and Material Handling

Plant layout
• A plant layout study is an engineering study used to analyze
different physical configurations for a manufacturing plant. It is also
known as Facilities Planning and Layout.
Classification of Layout
• Process layout
• Product layout
• Combination layout
• Fixed position layout
• Group layout
 Process layout
• The product layout approach involves setting up the
production facilities around the steps involved in
manufacturing the product.
• The product goes from one step to another as it is
manufactured.
• This is the typical assembly line approach.
• Example, in the manufacturing process of a car, the
car body goes from one stage of production to the
next.
 Process Layout

• In a process layout, management groups together

machines that perform similar functions.
• The part that is being manufactured goes from one
process area to another process area as it is
manufactured.
• Hospitals typically follow a process layout.
 Combination Layout

• A combination of process and product layouts

combines the advantages of both types of layouts.
• A combination layout is possible where an item is
being made in different types and sizes.
 Fixed Position Layout

• This is also called the project type of layout.

• In this type of layout, the material, or major components
remain in a fixed location and tools, machinery, men and
other materials are brought to this location.
 Product Layout

• In product layout, equipment or departments are dedicated

to a particular product line, duplicate equipment is employed
and a straight-line flow of material movement is achievable.
 Material Handling Systems

Introduction:
• Materials handling can be also defined as ‘the function
dealing with the preparation, placing and positioning of
materials to facilitate their movement or storage .
• Material handling does not add any value to the product but
adds to the cost of the product and hence it will cost the
customer more.
 Principles of Material Handling

• Planning principle: All handling activities should be

planned.
• Space utilization principle: Make optimum use of cubic
space.
• Unit load principle: Increase quantity, size, weight of load
handled.
• Gravity principle: Utilize gravity to move a material
wherever practicable.
• Safety principle: Provide for safe handling methods and
equipment.
• Mechanization principle: Use mechanical or automated
material handling equipment.
• Standardization principle: Standardize method, types, size of
material handling equipment.
• Capacity principle: Use handling equipment to help achieve its
full capacity.
 Classification of Material Handling
Systems
• Conveyors
• Industrial Trucks
• Cranes and Hoists
• Containers
• Robots
 Conveyors
• Conveyors are useful for moving material
between two fixed workstations, either
continuously or intermittently.
• They are mainly used for continuous or mass
production operations.
 Industrial Trucks
• Industrial trucks are more flexible in use than
conveyors since they can move between
various points and are not permanently fixed
in one place.
• They are, therefore, most suitable for
intermittent production and for handling
various sizes and shapes of material.
 Cranes and Hoists
• The major advantage of cranes and hoists is
that they can move heavy materials through
overhead space.
• However, they can usually serve only a limited
area.
• Cranes and hoists may be used both for
intermittent and for continuous production.
 Containers
• These are either dead containers (e.g. Cartons,
barrels, skids, pallets) which hold the material
to be transported but do not move
themselves.
 Robots
• Many types of robot exist. They vary in size,
and in function and maneuverability.
• While many robots are used for handling and
transporting material, others are used to
perform operations such as welding or spray
painting.
 • Types & Applications of Material Handling Equipment
• The four main categories of material handling equipment include:

• Storage
• Engineered systems
• Industrial trucks
• Bulk material handling

• Storage and Handling Equipment

• Storage equipment is used to hold or buffer materials during times when they are not being
transported.

• These periods could refer to temporary pauses during long-term transportation or long-term
storage designed to allow the buildup of stock.

• The majority of storage equipment refers to pallets, shelves or racks onto which materials may be
stacked in an orderly manner to await transportation or consumption.