NEED FOR NEW TOOLS

• Managers' tasks under TQM are challenging.

They call for
• a. Basic education on Quality related subjects
b. Knowledge/experience in their work area.
c. Knowledge of SPC system
• in TQM Japanese (organizations which were
involved called it CWQC activities) felt that
managers should not only know the
elementary statistical system but also
sophisticated techniques.
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•They felt middle management and top
management, have far higher task than the
grass root level employees and in their
level, need of more knowledge on the
techniques is a necessity. The practice of
TQC not only requires numerical data but
also verbal data or verbal communication,
which may not be computable. Such verbal
data or information could be from internal
as well as external sources. There should
be suitable methods to process these
information with a view to arriving at a
complete plan.
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•As managers and staff, most of the time will
be in receipt of such verbal information, they
were, initially developed for use by managers
and staff. Later on they came to be used by
senior executives for establishing management
policies, management planning and working
out the strategies and even Quality Circles
selectively.

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QC TOOLS
• WE WILL
DISCUSS THE
NEW PROBLEM
SOLVING
METHODS
THAT IS 7 NEW
QC TOOLS

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 NEW 7 QC TOOLS
The following are the new QC TOOLs
• Relations Diagram
• Tree Diagram
• Arrow Diagram
• Affinity Diagram
• Matrix Diagram
• Matrix Data Analysis Diagram
• Process Decision Programme Chart
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 RELATIONS DIAGRAM
It is a problem solving tool.It shows the relation
among several causes and their effect.It is used to
explore possible causes of problems.Alike cause
and effect diagram it clarifies relationship
between cause and
effect but also between causes also.
ISHIKAWA DIAGRAM(cause and effect
diagram) is very simple in nature and of fixed
structure but Relations Diagram is of complex
nature.
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 TREE DIAGRAM
Relations Diagram explore the causes for problems,
Tree Diagram is used to arrive at remedial
actions to remove the causes ,thereby solve the
problem.
It is used to generate ideas for developing a list of
alternative solutions to a problem.
The very purpose of this is to explore ways and
means to achieve an objective,develop a list of
alternative means to reach the desired situation in
a sequential order and to present in a visual form. 7
 ARROW DIAGRAM
It is also known as PERT or CPM .It is a flow
chart for the process or project in which
active time required for the sequence of
steps is included.

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 AFFINITY DIAGRAM
It is used to divide a long list of factors or
ideas into a few logical related factors.
The purpose of this diagram is to provide
visual representation of large nos of ideas
into groups of related ideas,so that the
action plan should be carried out in
systematic manner

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 MATRIX DIAGRAM
It is used to record the nature of relationship between
individual factors in two set.The relations are
described in matrix using symbol as
strong,medium,weak or no relation.
This tool is extensively used to convert customer
requirements into company specifications or
product characteristics into process parameters.

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MATRIX DATA ANALYSIS
DIAGRAM
It is the only tool in these seven tools that uses
numerical data and provides numerical
results.It is similar to Matrix Diagram in its
construction,but uses numerical data to
describe relations between requirements and
characteristics instead a quanlitative
descriptions like strong or weak

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 PROCESS DECISION
PROGRAMME CHART
It is used to find out unexpected developments
that may affect the achievement of goals
and to devise ways and means to overcome
them so that the goals are accomplised.
It encourges thinking about possible obstacles
to progress so that in advance an action plan
will be prepared to overcome them

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