CHAPTER 5:

Operation Statements

BEE1222: COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

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Syllabus

• Arithmetic Operation
5.1 and C Operators

• Trigonometry
5.2 Functions

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Lesson Outcomes
1. Able to write program to solve expression
statements

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5.1 Arithmetic Operation & C Operators

Main types of C operators:

- Arithmetic
- Logical
- Relational

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Arithmetic
 Performing arithmetic on numeric data
 Arithmetic expression is written as...
 identifier = operand operator operand

C Operation Arithmetic Operator

Addition +
Subtraction -
Multiplication *
Division /
Modulus %
Decrement --
Increment ++

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Arithmetic
Examples of arithmetic Statement Equivalent
x+=3.0 x=x+3.0;

voltage/=sqrt(2); voltage=voltage/sqrt(2);
i-- i=i – 1

i++ i=i + 1
(i is incremented AFTER I has been used)
++i i incremented before i is used

--i i decrease before i is used

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Arithmetic
 Prefix vs Postfix

Operator Example Description Equivalent Statements

++ i++; Postfix i=i+1; i+=1;

++ ++i; Prefix i=i+1; i+=1;
-- i--; Postfix i=i-1; i-=1;
-- --i; Prefix i=i-1; i-=1;

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Example (Prefix increment)

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Example (Postfix increment)

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Exercise 1
Determine all x value in the following output.

Value of x : 4
Value of x + + : 4
New value of x : 5
Value of x - - : 5
?
New value of x : ?
4

Value of + + x : ?
5

New value of x : ?
5
Value of - - x : ?
4
New value of x : ?
4

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Logical
Operator Meaning
! NOT
&& AND
|| OR

Example :

( (5 == 5) && (3 > 6) ) // evaluates to false ( true && false ).

( (5 == 5) || (3 > 6) ) // evaluates to true ( true || false ).

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Example
 This code checks whether an input alphabet is a vowel or
not. Both lower-case and upper-case are checked.

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Relational
 Relational operator = use for data comparison
 The result is TRUE (1) and FALSE (0)

Operator Meaning
< Less than
<= Less than or equal to
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal to
== Equal
!= Not equal

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Order in Expressions

1 + 2 * 3 - 4 / 5 =
1 + (2 * 3) - (4 / 5)

B stands for brackets, B.O.D.M.A.S.

O for Order (exponents),
D for division,
M for multiplication,
A for addition, and
S for subtraction.

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Writing Mathematical formula in C

Mathematical Formula C Expression

b2-4ac b*b-4*a*c

a+b (a+b)/(c+d)
c+d

a=πr2 a=PI*r*r

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5.2 Trigonometry Functions
Math Library Function

 Contains trigonometry  Examples:

functions  abs(int val)
 Pre-Processor header  fabs(double val)
declaration  exp(double val)
 #include <math.h>  log(double val)
 sqrt(double val)
 pow(double val1,
double val2)
 M_PI

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Example
Write a program that able to calculate the value of cosine that
enter by user

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Example
 Pow function
 pow function returns x raise to the power y where x and y are
variables of double data type.

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Exercise 2
 Write a program that able to calculate the value of
square root that enter by user

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Exercise 3
 Write a program that can display output as shown in
figure below. Assume the number is entered by the user.

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END OF CHAPTER 5
1. Q& A
2. Outcomes
 Able to write program to solve expression statements
3. Reflection

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