Christine G.

Molinyawe
EM 505
EDUCATIONAL Teacher I
INNOVATIONS AND
TECHNOLOGY Sto. Tomas North Central School
 Guidelines and a
Development Framework
 A set of guidelines useful for
guiding educator development
activities
 A planning framework that may be
used to guide teacher
development or by individual
teachers in order to facilitate the
effective integration of multimedia
technologies in learning
environments
Educator Development Activities - Five Key Guidelines
• Guideline 1: The goal of
implementing multimedia
technologies into learning
spaces is to exploit the
attributes of multimedia
technologies in order to
support deeper, more
meaningful learner-centered
learning. Realization of this
goal necessarily transforms the
teaching and learning space.
Educator Development Activities - Five Key Guidelines
• Guideline 2:
Transformation is
only achieved
through
integration of
multimedia
technologies into
the learning
space.
Educator Development Activities - Five Key Guidelines
• Guideline 3: Integration and
subsequent transformation is
achieved via an on-going
evolutionary process through
which educators’ knowledge
of multimedia technologies
draws more closely toward
inextricable linkages with
curriculum goals and the
educator’s knowledge of
pedagogy.
Educator Development Activities - Five Key Guidelines
• Guideline 4: Equipping
educators with
knowledge about the
potential of the
multimedia technologies
must occur within the
context of the total
curriculum needs rather
than in isolation of the
academic’s curriculum
needs.
Educator Development Activities - Five Key Guidelines
• Guideline 5:
Evolutionary process
leading to
transformation and
integration of
multimedia
technologies is
fuelled by sustained
reflection on
practice
Two considerations as identified by
Torrisi and Davis (2000)
• First, it is important • Second, in order for
that professional educators to be
development willing to use
programs are not multimedia
designed in isolation technologies in the
of the educators
classroom, it is
operating context.
necessary that they
Traditional training
workshops removed feel confident in
from the immediate their use from a
teaching context of technical
the educator fail to perspective.
be effective.
Two considerations as identified by
Torrisi and Davis (2000)

Fatemi (1999) stated…

…more than simply show teachers where
in a curriculum they can squeeze in some
technology....Instead, it helps them learn
how to select digital content based on
the needs and learning styles of their
students, and infuse it into the curriculum
rather than making it an end in itself.
Two considerations as identified by
Torrisi and Davis (2000)
• First, it is important • Second, in order for
that professional educators to be
development willing to use
programs are not multimedia
designed in isolation technologies in the
of the educators
classroom, it is
operating context.
necessary that they
Traditional training
workshops removed feel confident in
from the immediate their use from a
teaching context of technical
the educator fail to perspective.
be effective.
PLANNING FRAMEWORK

The framework aims to highlight

the use of multimedia
technologies as part of the set of
tools that is available for
educators in executing teaching
and learning strategies.
Source: Adapted from Torrisi-Steele (2001).
Source: Adapted from Torrisi-Steele (2001).
Some common tool choices for teaching and learning and
their main advantages and disadvantages'
TOOL ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Textbook and Portable, inexpensive, Become out-

other print simple, “low-tech,” easy to dated, cannot
use, reorganized quantities
materials of information, accessible
update easily,
without special static information
equipment, can be presentation, no
inexpensive, most interaction
educators familiar with this possibilities
medium and have
production expertise
Some common tool choices for teaching and learning and
their main advantages and disadvantages'
TOOL ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Video Motivational, sound Linear information

and images to presentation, multiple
convey information, copies for student access
readily available, at home can be
easy to use,
problematic/expensive,
inexpensive
video production can be
expensive and time
consuming, requires VCR
access and display
mechanism
Some common tool choices for teaching and learning and
their main advantages and disadvantages'
TOOL ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Face-to-face Can respond to needs of No flexibility for

teaching students dynamically, students in
can be used to promote terms of
discussion, collaborative attendance,
access limited
learning, enables
to on campus
clarification and analysis
of information
Some common tool choices for teaching and learning and
their main advantages and disadvantages'
TOOL ADVANTAGES
Multimedia Can convey information using
video, audio, sound and text;
CD ROM
once produced, inexpensive
to replicate for student
access; option for nonlinear
information presentation, so
learners are able to explore at
their own pace, forming their
own pathways; high
interactive learning potential
DISADVANTAGES
Costly both in terms of
time and money to
produce; production
requires a high level of
technical expertise;
software and content
become out-dated—
cannot update easily
without undergoing
another development
and production run
Some common tool choices for teaching and learning and
their main advantages and disadvantages'
TOOL ADVANTAGES
World Wide  Increasingly supporting
multimodal
Web -
presentation—text,
Web sites and
images, sound, video,
related and higher levels of
Internet interactive possibilities
technologies
 Access up-to-date
information
 Potential for
collaborative learning
with learners in multiple
locations (e.g., chat,
video conferencing)
DISADVANTAGES
 Requires costly technical
infrastructure (networks,
workstations, video
conferencing facilities);
 Development of own
online materials;
 Can be costly and time
consuming;
 Involves a high level of
commitment Updating
Web materials can be
difficult/frustrating if not
technically competent to
some degree;
Some common tool choices for teaching and learning and
their main advantages and disadvantages'
TOOL ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

World Wide  Potential for anytime, anyplace; NOTE: Sophistication

of Web materials
Web-Web available to students
 Highly motivational
sites and is limited by access
related factors such as
 Updating of information
bandwidth, modem
Internet relatively easy capabilities
technologies
NOTE: Wealth of up-to-date Not all educators are
information available along with familiar with/
nonlinear nature, interactivity and comfortable with the
multimodal presentation can new media
support discovery orientated technologies.
strategies
 CASE STUDY

• The following case study is for a course

in human services at tertiary level study.
The case study summarized in Table 3
illustrates the key tenet/principle of the
framework described above that
requires decision making regarding the
tool choices for strategy
implementation to be based on
consideration of learner characteristics,
desired learner outcomes, discipline
requirements, and environmental
considerations.
FUTURE TRENDS
Constantly Changing

Facilitate integration of
EXISTING and FUTURE
technologies

GENERIC PLANNING
APPROACHES
CONCLUSIONS
It is advocated throughout this chapter that
multimedia and associated technologies are
considered as part of a tool set available for
strategy implementation. If, how, and when to
integrate technologies are decided by taking
into account constraints and conditions imposed
by the environment, learner characteristics,
desired learning outcomes, and the nature of
the content, and by reflecting on success or
otherwise of previously used teaching practices.
 Christine G. Molinyawe
Teacher I
Sto. Tomas North Central School