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Group 7 - YK
HYPERTENSION
INTRODUCTION
Hypertension affects approximately 1.5 billion people worldwide.
37% 31%
Hypertension is a major health problem in Vietnam
millimeters mercury
Diastolic pressure
when the heart rests
between beats & is
refilled with blood
CAUSES
Hypertension
Primary Secondary
hypertension hypertension
Primary hypertension
k n o w n c a u s e *
*n o
m o st c o mm on
the
type
(90-95%)
Secondary hypertension
10 *cause known*
%
appear
suddenly
Various conditions and medications can lead to secon
dary hypertension
Obstructive sleep apnea
Nose Mouth
Tongue
cocaine amphetamines
High blood pressure becomes
more common
Family history
high risk
The more you weigh, the more blood you need to supply
Lack of physical activity
Chewing tobacco
Smoking tobacco
Too much salt
Diabetes
Kidney disease
Sleep apnea
Pregnancy can contributes to
high blood pressure
Poor lifestyle habits in kids
SIGNS AND
SYMTOMPS
High blood pressure and brain symptoms
Dizziness
Headache
Nausea and vomiting
Blurred vision
High blood pressure and heart symptoms
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Nausea and vomiting
Weakness
Chronic high blood pressure
Hypertensive emergency
COMPLICATION
The higher your The longer it goes
blood pressure uncontrolled
Heart attack
Kidney failure
Atherosclerosis
Metabolic syndrome
Dementia
DIAGNOSIS
Doctor may ask questions about
- family history
- medication use
Physical examination
Eye examination
Blood tests
Kidney ultrasound
Abdominal CT scan
Other studies
Electrocardiogram
Echocardiogram
Doppler ultrasound
Abdominal ultrasound
“White coat hypertension”
TREATMENT
NON-PHAMACOLOGICAL THERAPY
SODIUM RESTRICTION
12 mm Hg systolic
6 mm Hg diastolic
REDUCTION OF WEIGHT
78% of hypertension in men
is attributable to obesity
ALCOHOL RESTRICTION
PHYSICAL EXCERCISE
HEALTHY DIET
Chlorthalidone Microzide
ACE inhibitors
Zestril Lotensin
(ARBs)
relax the muscles of your blood vessels
Alpha blockers
Cardura Prazosin
Alpha-beta blockers
Coreg
Trandate
Aldosterone antagonists
Spironolactone Eplerenone
Renin inhibitors
Vasodilators
Central-acting agents
PREVENTION
Prevention is better than cure
Focus on the risk factors that you can change
Maintain a healthy weight
Talk with your doctor about
the best weight for you
Eat a balanced diet
A diet full of wholesome, nutritious foods
Cut back on salt
No more than 6g of salt a day
Exercise regularly
The more exercise you
get, the better chance to
control blood pressure
Limit the alcohol
Only 1 drink a day
Monitor your blood pressure
Measure your blood pressu
re regularly
Do not take hypertension for granted
REFERENCES
1. https
://www.health24.com/Medical/Hypertension/About-hypertension/13-hypertensi
on-facts-20130731
2.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/symptoms
-causes/syc-20373410
3. https://www.everydayhealth.com/hypertension/preventing.aspx
4. https://www.emedicinehealth.com/high_blood_pressure/article_em.htm
5.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/diagnosis
-treatment/drc-20373417
6.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/h
Choose a picture
QUESTION 1
What diet is suitable to prevent hypertension
in these diets below?
A. Eating more of foods that are high in saturated fat and
cholesterol, such as fried foods.
B. Eating foods with high sodium.
C. Eating foods that are high in potassium and calcium.
D. Eating more fruits, vegetables, and high-fat dairy foods.
QUESTION 2
Select the true statement from the following:
A. Hypertension shows symptoms in most people.
B. Sea salt contains lots of mineral so it is good for hypertension.
C. Being overweight is not related to hypertension.
D. The older we get, the greater is our risk to develop high
blood pressure.
QUESTION 3
What organs are not affected by high blood pressure?
A. Eyes
B. Stomach
C. Brain
D. Heart
QUESTION 4
The risk of developing high blood pressure can be
reduced by:
A. Reducing salt intake.
B. Taking regular physical activity.
C. Avoiding tobacco use.
D. All are correct.
QUESTION 5
At what point is blood pressure considered "high"?
A. 120 over 80
B. 130 over 80
C. 140 over 90
D. 210 over 120
1. If your mother or father has hypertension, then you will also develop
hypertension.
2. If you have 4 siblings and if two of them have hypertension, you need to pay
more attention to your health.
3. ACE inhibitors help relax blood vessels by blocking the action of a natural
chemical that narrows blood vessels.