Technology Life Cycle In

Automobile Industry
History Of The Automobile.
• The history of the automobile begins as
early as 1769, with the creation of
steam-powered automobiles capable of
human transport.

• In 1806, the first cars powered by

internal combustion engines running on
fuel gas appeared, which led to the
introduction in 1885 of the ubiquitous
modern gasoline or petrol-fueled internal
combustion engine.
 Types Of Engines

– A.1 Steam automobiles

– A.2 Electric automobiles
– A.3 Internal combustion engines
 Steam Automobiles
• Steam-powered self-propelled vehicles are
thought to have been devised in the late-
18th century. Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot
demonstrated his fardier à vapeur, an
experimental steam-driven artillery tractor,
in 1770 and 1771.
• For the first time in 1838 a four-seat steam
phaeton (car) was built.
 Electric Automobile
• In 1838, Scotsman Robert Davidson
built an electric locomotive that
attained a speed of 4 miles per hour
(6 km/h). Between 1832 and 1839 ,
Robert Anderson of Scotland
invented the first crude electric
carriage, powered by non-
rechargeable primary cells.
Internal Combustion Engines
• The internal combustion engine is an engine
in which the combustion of a fuel (generally,
fossil fuel) occurs with an oxidizer (usually
air) in a combustion chamber.
• In 1885- Benz Patented Motorwagen, the first
car to go into production with an internal
combustion engine.
• This technology started a revolution in
automobile industry and is being used even
now.
 About The Company
Maruti Suzuki India Limited was formerly
known as Maruti Udyog Limited

 Started in february 1981 and commenced

actual production in 1983

 Launched Maruti 800 as the modern car

available in India
• Till 2004 it was the India’s largest
selling compact car.

• Two facilities at Gurgaon and Manesar

have combined capability to produce
over 7,00,0000 units annually

• More than half the cars sold in India

are Maruti Suzuki cars.
• During 2007-08, Maruti Suzuki sold 764,842
cars, of which 53,024 were exported. In all,
over six million Maruti Suzuki cars are on
Indian roads since the first car was rolled out
on 14 December 1983.

• It has been rated first in customer

satisfaction among all car makers in India
from 1999 to 2009 by J D Power Asia Pacific
 The first car Maruti 800 was a three cylinder
car, it had a 796 cc petrol powered engine and a
top speed of about 120 kph (75 mph). It was
launched in 1983 compact family car.

 After that came Maruti Omni, in 1984, as a

passenger car but nowadays it is used as school
vans and maxi cabs.

 Then with modernization and demand for

something new Maruti Suzuki came up with their
SUV Maruti Gypsy in 1985, which was a big hit. It
was India’s first SUV.
• To survive in the rising competition Maruti
launched WagonR in 2000.

• The three cylinder, 796 cc petrol powered, Alto

model was introduced in 2000. It had a top
speed of 130 kph (81 mph).

• Between 1990 and 1994 the company produced

the Maruti 1000, a 970 cc sedan (a car sold by
Suzuki as the Cultus in other countries).
• It was later on, in 1995 an upgraded version of the
Maruti 1000, called the Esteem, was introduced,
originally with either a 1.3 litre petrol or a 1.5 litre
diesel engine.

• The Zen, a 993cc hatchback car was produced in

1993.

•It was given a new look to move with the new

trend and launched in 2006 with a new name,
Estilo.

• In 2005, Maruti came up with a new sporty model

of 1197cc and with 4 cylinders named Swift, which
became a big hit and is largest car in A2 segment.
 Maruti Suzuki launched SX4 sedan with the 1.6-litre
gasoline engine (without VVT) in 2007. Currently, the
SX4 comes equipped with the 1.6-litre gasoline engine
(with VVT).

 Maruti Suzuki Swift Dzire was launched as new entry

level sedan, in 2008, replacing Esteem, which was
discontinued in 2007.

 A-Star (Alto Star) is the 7th generation of Alto Kei

Car, introduced in 1979, base of Maruti 800.

A-Star was launched in 2008 with a new K10B series

engine, which Suzuki says is technically highly developed
and gives a balance of fuel efficiency and power.
*VVT- Variable Value Timing
 Baleno was launched as another sedan
launched by Maruti Suzuki in 1999, but failed
to impress Indian public and was discontinued
in 2007.

 Another microvan, named Versa was

launched in the year 2001 with 16-valve, 1.3-
liter 4-cylinder engine, with the need for
another in company’s profile.

 Maruti Ritz was launched last year in Indian

market as another compact city car to be in the
competition.
• Ritz was the name given, in India, to Suzuki
Splash, a 3 cylinder 1000cc KB10 engine
variant, launched in Japenese market in
2008.

• Grand Vitara, a high end SUV, was also

launched in 2003.

• It is imported from Japan as a completely

built unit (CBU).
o Maruti Suzuki has come up with all new
Maruti Eco replacing its own previously
launched Maruti Versa with 1196 cc, Bharat
Stage IV compliant engine.

o Maruti Eco is attired with  a new high

pressure fuel Injection, knock sensor & crack
sensor which helps in saving fuel and deliever
fuel efficiency of 15.1kmpl and makes Maruti
Eeco diverse in its segment.
o Maruti Suzuki plans debut into the luxury car
segment with the Kizashi in 2010. Kizashi which
was showcased at the Auto Expo will get into
production soon.

• Maruti’s Kizashi will carry an advanced four-valve

turbo-fired two-litre petrol, Euro V engine and the
first six-speed transmission from the Suzuki stable
with sport 21” wheels.

• Maruti Kizashi is expected to be the first all-wheel

drive sedan in the luxury D segment.
 The Case Of Maruti 800
• Over 2.5 million Maruti 800's have
been sold since its launch in 1984.
• The car has reported slipping sales
in recent times, mainly due to the
introduction of the Alto at a
comparable price.
 Proposed Phasing Out
• Maruti Suzuki is planning a phase out
of Maruti 800 beginning in April 2010.
Maruti Suzuki does not have plans to
upgrade it to Euro IV or BS IV emission
norms. Starting April 2010, Maruti will
stop selling the car in 13 major cities.
• In these cities government has made it
mandatory for the vehicles sold to be
Euro IV compliant. Maruti 800 will be
sold in other cities till 2015–16.
• Another reason cited is the
model's declining sales (because
of tough competition between
small cars). Maruti 800 sales are
down by 55% in the 10 months
ending in January 2010 with the
company selling only 27,088 cars
during the period.
 Reasons For Changes
• The Competition Among the
automobile industry doesn’t let any
company stick to a particular engine
technology or design.
• In order to retain market share these
industries have to come with more
improved versions, which increases
cost.
• Another most important reason is the
changes in the Government Norms as these
leads to increase in costs for the automobile
industries since they have they follow new
norms such as Euro IV or Bharat Stage IV
and make changes in the engine technology
in order to follow these norms.
• Eg ; From April 2010, Indian Automobile
Industry has to follow Euro IV/ Bharat Stage
IV emission norms.