Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Argumentative text
Expository text
Narrative Writing
• In most cases, it moves in an orderly fashion
through a sequence of events (chronological order)
• Chronological structure is used to describe events,
emotions and ideas as they occurred to the writer in
the time sequence
• If often deals with the resolution of a conflict or
problem, and it frequently builds a sense of tension
or suspense
• Commonly used in novels, short stories, histories,
biographies, etc
Example of Narrative Writing
Narrative text
•Describes a person, place, thing, event
•Appeals to the reader’s senses
Descriptive text
•Describe something according to
Argumentative text physical location
Expository text
Descriptive Writing
• It serves a word picture and appeals to one or
more of the reader’s senses--sight, smell,
taste, touch or hearing
• DW is developed by describing something
according to where things are physically
located, where they are in the surrounding
environment - Spatial Order
Example of Descriptive Writing
Narrative text
Narrative text
Descriptive text
•Explain as clearly as possible
•Balanced, straightforward approach to
Argumentative text
the subject
•Definite introduction, body and
Expository text
conclusion
•Use specific details and examples
Expository Writing
• Like AW, there is no natural or obvious way
of arranging the material
• The most common way in developing
paragraph requires using specific details and
examples
• This kind of writing is used in scientific
report, textbooks and term papers.
Example of Expository Writing
The Conclusion
• The concluding p/graph wraps up the
discussion, bringing the development to a
logical end
Steps To Writing Term Paper
2 characteristics :
• must be a complete sentence
• must make an assertion
3 steps to write a thesis statement :
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2.2.Write
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3.3.Write
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Guidelines To Formulate
Thesis Statement
Thesis Statement
Owning a car can mean spending a good amount of
money because it involves various expenses
Outline
Cost of the car
Finance charges for loan on the car
Fuel to keep the car running
Maintenance of the car
Example
Paragraph:
Explain process by breaking it
• Step-by-step
down into a series of small parts
(Process Analysis)
• Definitions
• Cause and effect
• Examples
• Reasons
• Compare and contrast
• Step-by-step
Tells what something is or isn’t or
• Definitions what it does
• Cause and effect
• Examples
• Reasons
• Compare and contrast
• Step-by-step
• Definitions
Explain why something happened
• Cause and effect and what the result was
• Examples
• Reasons
• Compare and contrast
• Step-by-step
• Definitions
• Cause and effect
Help clarify and strengthen the main point
• Examples Explain why something happened and
• Reasons what the result was
• Compare and contrast
• Step-by-step
• Definitions
• Cause and effect
• Examples
Answer the question why? They
• Reasons provide specific information to
• Compare and contrast back up a general statement
• Step-by-step
• Definitions
• Cause and effect
• Examples
• Reasons
• Compare and contrast
Compare and contrast presents
similarities and differences
1. Adding Footnotes
• Define, state purpose, state the need for a footnote
• When to use ?
with specific material
with someone else’s opinion or theory
contradictions
statistics not widely known
2. Creating bibliography
• name of book, newspaper, magazine should be in italics,
name of article should be in normal text
• include page numbers
• in alphabetical order according to author’s last name
•more than one work by the same author should be
alphabetical order of the book title.
• should not be numbered
•Elements of a bibliography:
Title Information
Author
Publisher
Publication Date
Publication Place
3. Creating appendix
• put materials in a special section
• provided for reference at the end of term paper
• Term Paper normally have tables, charts, diagrams,
or other statistical tables which are not included in
the BODY of the term paper
• judging content
• check the organization
• polish your style
• review basics
Writing Issue
1. Book
• Example :
(discontinuous pages)
Schwartz, J. (1993, September 30). Obesity affects
economics, Social Status. The Washington Post, pp.1, 5.