TYPES OF ELECTRICITY

Dr. Pranjal Patel (PT)

MPT NEUROSCIENCES
Assist. Professor
Types of Electricity

Static Electricity: When Current Electricity: When a

the charges on a body charges flow through a
do not flow , called conductor, it is known as
static electricity current electricity.
Static Electricity
• According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can neither be
created nor be destroyed but can be converted from one form to
another.
• When it is produced by friction, mechanical energy is converted into
electrical energy.
• When it is produced in the dry cells, chemical energy is converted into
electrical energy, etc.
• Testing Of Static Electricity
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• Surface of Objects + + +
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 A charged Body and its Electric Field
• The charged body is continually seeking to attain its neutral stage. It
will differ for positive and negative charge bodies.

This phenomenon creates zone

of influence

area in which the charged

body has an effect
 PROPERTIES OF LINE OF FORCE

1.Lines of force surrounding an isolated charged

body are straight.
2.Lines of force repel one another.
3.Lines of force pass more easily through
conductors than through insulators.
4.Lines of force concentrate on that part of the
surface of a charged body nearest to another
object over which they can exert an influence.
 Potential And Capacitance
 The electrical potential of body is the electrical condition of that
body when compared to the neutral potential of the earth.
 Bodies with an excess of electrons are called negative, bodies
deficient in electrons are called positive.
 Unit is volt, conveniently considered as indicating the repelling
power between like charges……high potential means a strong
repelling power.
 The magnitude of the potential depends on the quantity of
electricity with which the object is charged, i.e. the number of
electrons gained or lost and the capacitance of the object.
 The quantity of electricity is measured in coulombs, a coulomb
being euaivalent to 6.26 1018 electron charges
Capacitance
• It is the ability of an object to hold an electrical
charge and it depends on the materials and the
surface area of the body.
• Inverse relationship between capacitance and
potential.
q=CV
• Unit of capacitance is microfarad (1 µF=106 F)
Factors affecting the capacity of conductor:
• Area of conductor
• Presence of any conductor nearby
• Medium around the conductor
Current electricity
• When charge flow through a conductor, the study of this is known as
current electricity
• And the flow of charge in conductor is known as electric current.
• Essential for the production of electric current are:
• Potential Diffrence: 1. Potential Difference
When two similar bodies charged
2. Pathway withwhich
along different quantities
of electricity , potential difference
Current can move develops.
ForceCharged
producing this movement
particles will move from more positive or negative
is called an ELECTROMOTIVE
to less positive or negative.
FORCE (EMF)
CONTD……………
• To sustain a current flow some means of maintaining the PD between
the ends of the circuit is essential.
• The greater the PD, the greater the EMF. Both are measured in volts.
• As fast as electron move away from the negative end of the
conductor, they are replaced by others from generators, while those
which reach the positive end are drawn away by generator.
• Thus the potential difference is maintained and current continues to
flow.
• Electric Current= Total Charge flowing  Time taken (I=q  t)
• Unit is Ampere.
Resistance

Series Parallel