Advancement And

Optimization Of Jet
Engines
Title : Name Of Student : Ashraf Shakeel Maniyar
Dept : TE-C-19
College Name : Jspm Ntc
Name Of Guide : M.C.Patil
• Why Jet Engines :
• Tranportation plays a huge role in
development of country , among the 4 means
of transportation air is the fastest and
reliable ,and the future is air
Transportation ,beside Transportation it has
many military advantages such as
Tactical ,Stealth,etc
ABSTRACT :
• With the increasing demands placed on modern
jet engine performance and reliability, there
comes the necessity for efficient optimization
tools that engineers can readily utilize on their
desks. We discuss various types of jet engines such
as Turbo jet,Scram jet,Ramjet and The ability of
this structure to maintain tightly controlled blade
to casing tip clearances plays a significant role in
maintaining the fuel efficiency of the engine.
• How Does A jet Engine work ?

• All jet engines, which are also called gas turbines, work on the same principle. The engine sucks air
in at the front with a fan. A compressor raises the pressure of the air. The compressor is made with
many blades attached to a shaft. The blades spin at high speed and compress or squeeze the air.
The compressed air is then sprayed with fuel and an electric spark lights the mixture. The burning
gases expand and blast out through the nozzle, at the back of the engine. As the jets of gas shoot
backward, the engine and the aircraft are thrust forward
Various advancements in jet engines

• Turbojets
• Turbofans
• Ramjets
• Scramjets
 Turbojets

• The basic idea of the turbojet engine is simple. Air taken in from an opening in the front of the engine
is compressed to 3 to 12 times its original pressure in compressor. Fuel is added to the air and burned
in a combustion chamber to raise the temperature of the fluid mixture to about 1,100°F to 1,300° F.
The resulting hot air is passed through a turbine, which drives the compressor. If the turbine and
compressor are efficient, the pressure at the turbine discharge will be nearly twice the atmospheric
pressure, and this excess pressure is sent to the nozzle to produce a high-velocity stream of gas which
produces a thrust. Substantial increases in thrust can be obtained by employing anafterburner.
 Turbofans

• A turbo fan engine has a large fan at the front, which sucks in air. Most of the air flows around the
outside of the engine, making it quieter and giving more thrust at low speeds. Most of today's
airliners are powered by turbofans. In a turbojet all the air entering the intake passes through the gas
generator, which is composed of the compressor, combustion chamber, and turbine. In a turbofan
engine only a portion of the incoming air goes into the combustion chamber. The remainder passes
through a fan, or low-pressure compressor, and is ejected directly as a "cold" jet or mixed with the
gas-generator exhaust to produce a "hot" jet.
 Ram Jets

• The ramjet is the most simple jet engine and has no moving parts.
The speed of the jet "rams" or forces air into the engine. It is
essentially a turbojet in which rotating machinery has been
omitted. Its application is restricted by the fact that its
compression ratio depends wholly on forward speed
 Scramjets

• A scramjet (supersonic combustion ramjet) is a variant of a ramjet airbreathing jet

engine in which combustion takes place in supersonic sirflow. As in ramjets, a scramjet
relies on high vehicle speed to compress the incoming air forcefully before combustion
(hence ramjet), but whereas a ramjet decelerates the air to subsonic velocities before
combustion, the airflow in a scramjet is supersonic throughout the entire engine. That
allows the scramjet to operate efficiently at extremely high speeds.
Optimizations
1 Chevron

• As we studied in studied in jet engines that

most of the air is bypassed the main engine
creating maximum thrust the problem occurs
when this two packets of air meet a noise is
generated to reduce this noise a saw like
structure(Chevron) is used this structure makes
a irregular mixture of cold and hot air hence
reducing the noise
 Summary
• Jet engines are the future we need to develop them so that human race can
advance in future
• By reducing the moving parts in jet engine a large amount of friction high
speeds such as march 5-10
• Various techniques such as chevrons can be used to reduce noise hence
reducing the energy wastage
References

• 1.Rudolf Andoga, Ladislav Főző, Jozef Judičák, et al., “Intelligent Situational Control of Small Turbojet
Engines,” International Journal of Aerospace Engineering, vol. 2018, Article ID 8328792, 16 pages,
2018.

• 2 G-Vinod, Opimization of jet engines ; International research journal of engineering and technology;
volume:4 ; issue:7 ; july-2017
• 3 Luu Hong Quan, Nguyen Phu Hung, Le Doan Quang, Vu Ngoc Long. Analysis and Design of a
Scramjet Engine Inlet Operating from Mach 5to Mach 10. International Journal of Mechanical
Engineering and Applications. Vol. 4, No. 1, 2016, pp. 11-23.