Binomial nomenclature

Binomial nomenclature

• System of naming an organisms by 2 names is

called the binomial nomenclature.

Ex : the name given to horse is Equuas caballus.

name of modern human is Homo sapiens
 ‘Binomial’ = 2 names

species – all in
lower case

Fucus vesiculosus

Genus – has
a capital letter
Italics (or underlined)
-to show the words are
different to ordinary text.
Carolus Linnaeus
 Advantage

• Each species has a unique name.

• Shows species are closely related.

Ex: Tiger and Lion.

• Universally accepted.
 Rules

• Names should be binomial i.e. consist of two words, first

genus and second species.

• Names should not have less than three letters and more
than twelve.

• The generic name is short and is noun. It must always

start with a capital letter.

• The specific name that follows, is an adjective and must

start with small letter.
 Rules

• The names should be either in Latin or Latinized.

• The name when printed, should be in italics. When hand

written ,it is underlined.

• Priority of naming a plant/animal is granted to the person

who first publishes a satisfactory description of a new
species.
 Rules

• When the scientific name is changed, the name of

original author has to be given in brackets.

• The name of the person who first publishes is appended

in an abbreviated form in Roman script, without a
comma.
 Taxonomy

• The science of classifying

living things is called
Taxonomy.

• Aristotle began his

system of taxonomy.
 Classification is hierarchical

• – Species
• – Genus
• – Family
• – Order
• – Class
• – Phylum
• – Kingdom
• – Domain
 1.Species
The member of species are closely resemble each other in
structure and all are delivered from same ancestor.

2.Genus

Includes two or more related species.

3.Family
Includes several related genus.
 4.Order

Includes several related families.

5.class
Includes several related orders.

6.Phylum
Includes several classes
 Phylogeny

• The evolutionary relationship of an organism.

• 3 kinds of evolutionary grouping they are:

– Monophyletic Group.
– Paraphyletic Group.
– Polyphyletic Group.
Thank You