REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENT II

SUMBER UTAMA ----

Staircases
NAMA DOSEN

Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER
2 OBJECTIVES

Upon completion of this topic, student will be able to:

 Identify staircases types.

 Identify staircases structural system.
 Modeled staircases structural systems.
 Calculate and draw reinforcement detailing.
3 INTRODUCTION
From a structural viewpoint, the staircase merely comprises
slab/beam elements, whose basic principles of design have
already been dealt with in the previous chapters.

Definition:
4 TYPES OF STAIRCASES

a) Strait stairs.
b) Quarter-turn
stairs.
c) Dog-legged stairs.
d) Open well stairs.
e) Spiral stairs.
f) Helicoidal stairs.
5 SLAB TYPE STAIR
6 STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION
Depending on the predominant direction in which the slab
component of the stair undergoes flexure:

 Stair slab spanning transversely (stair widthwise);

 Stair slab spanning longitudinally (along the incline).

Stair Slab Spanning Transversely :

 Slab cantilevered from a spandrel beam or wall
 Slab doubly cantilevered from a central spine beam
 Slab supported between two stringer beams or walls

Stair Slab Spanning longitudinally :

 Single landing.
 Double landing.
 Folded.
7 STAIRCASES IN REAL WORLD

Strait type.

Dog legged stair type.

8 STAIRCASES IN REAL WORLD

Spiral type stair.

Quarter-turn type.
9 STAIRCASES IN REAL WORLD

Open well type stair.

Helicoidal type.
10 STAIRCASES IN REAL WORLD

Transversely spanning type. Beam supported stair.

11 STAIRCASES IN REAL WORLD

Transversely spanning type with Multiple landing stair (for long

floating (3D) supported structures. stair).
12 STAIRCASES STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS (LONGITUDINAL)
13 STAIRCASES STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS (LONGITUDINAL)
14 STAIRCASES STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS (LONGITUDINAL)
15 STAIRCASES STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS (TRANSVERSAL)
16 LOADS AND LOAD EFFECT ON STAIR SLABS

Stair slabs are usually designed to resist gravity loads , comprising

dead loads and live loads.

Dead Loads:
 Self-weight of stair slab (tread/tread-riser slab/waist slab);
 Self-weight of step (in case of ’waist slab’ type stairs);
 Self-weight of tread finish (usually 0.5 – 1.0 kN/m2 )

Live Loads:
 In general a uniformly distributed load of 5.0 kn/m2
 In residence live load of 3.0 kn/m2
 On tread slab a concentrated live load of 1.3 kn applied at free
end.
17 EXAMPLE-1 (TRANSVERSAL TYPE)
A straight staircase is made of structurally independent tread slabs,
cantilevered from a reinforced concrete wall. Given that the riser is
150 mm, tread is 300 mm, and width of flight is 1.5 m, design a typical
tread slab. Apply the live loads specified for stairs liable to be
overcrowded. Use fc’= 20 MPa and fy=240 MPa steel. Assume mild
exposure conditions.
Solution:
18 EXAMPLE-1 (TRANSVERSAL TYPE)
19 EXAMPLE-1 (TRANSVERSAL TYPE)
20 EXAMPLE-1 (TRANSVERSAL TYPE)
21 EXAMPLE-1 (TRANSVERSAL TYPE)
22 EXAMPLE-2(LONGITUDINAL TYPE)
Design the staircase slab shown.. The stairs are simply supported on
beams provided at the first riser and at the edge of the upper landing.
Assume a finish load of 0.8 kN/m2 and a live load of 5.0 kN/m2. Use
fc′ = 20 MPa concrete and fy = 400 MPa steel. Assume mild exposure
conditions.
Solution:
23 EXAMPLE-2(LONGITUDINAL TYPE)
24 EXAMPLE-2(LONGITUDINAL TYPE)
25 EXAMPLE-2(LONGITUDINAL TYPE)
26 EXAMPLE-2 (LONGITUDINAL TYPE)

18.52kN/m2
15.58kN/m2

R1 R2
3.45 m 1.05 m
4.50 m

2.23 m

M u = 46.07 kNm/m
27 EXAMPLE-2 (LONGITUDINAL TYPE)
28 HOME WORK

Design a dog-legged staircase (’waist slab’ type) for an office building,

assuming a floor-to-floor height of 3.0m, a flight width of 1.2m, and a
landing width of 1.25m. Assume the stairs to be supported on floor
beams only.

Use fc′ = 25 MPa concrete and fy = 400 MPa steel.

Assume live loads of 5.0 kN/m2 and mild exposure conditions.

 THANK YOU
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