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Barriers to communication
•
Barriers to Communication
• In communication, as a psycho-semantic
process, the word barrier implies, mainly
something non-physical that keeps people
apart or prevents activity, movement etc.
• E.g. social / ethnic / language barriers or lack of
confidence
• Negative forces may affect the effectiveness of
communication by acting upon any or all of the
basic elements of communication process
Barriers
Noise Loss by transmission
Lack of planning Poor retention
Wrong / un-clarified assumptions Poor listening
Semantic problems (relating to Insufficient period for adjustment
words’ meaning) Goal conflicts
Cultural barriers Offensive style
Socio-psychological barriers Time & distance
Emotions Abstracting
Selective perception Inferring (conclude)
Filtering
Information overloaded
Barriers - sender
• Lack of planning
• Vagueness about the “purpose” of communication
• Objectives to be achieved
• Choice of wrong language, resulting in badly
encoded message
• Unshared & un-clarified assumptions
• Different perception of reality
• Wrong choice of the channel
Barriers - Receiver
• Poor listener • Bias / Lack of trust
• Inattention • Different perception of
• Mistrust reality
• Lack of interest • Attitudinal clash with
• Premature evaluation sender
• Semantic Difficulties • Not in a fit physical
state
Common barrier –
both sender & receiver
• Theories of Communication.