BONE GRAFT

BONE GRAFTS

•Bone cells within the graft may survive

the transplantation procedure and
synthesize new bone.

•This can only occur in case of fresh

autograft
BONE GRAFTING
1. Autograft: Cancellous
Cortical

2. Allograft: Fresh

Bone marrow
1. Osteoinduction
2. Osteoconduction

3. Osteogenic cells

4. Structural integrity
1. Osteoinduction: Ability of a graft to
induce stem cells & osteoprogenitor
differentiate to osteoblasts. It may occur
Auto & Allografts. Mediated by polypeptides as
BMP. Inactive- by radiation+ autoclaing
2. Osteoconduction: Support attachment of
new osteoblasts &osteoprogenitor cells and
form of new blood vessels

The partially or completely replacing

of
the graft by the host is named
INCORPORATION
Stages of graft healing

STAGES ACTIVITY

1 inflammation Chemotaxis stimulated

by necrotic debris
2 Osteoblast From precursor
differentiation
3 Osteoinduction Osteoblast/osteoclast
function
4 Osteoconduction New bone forming
over scaffold
5 Remodeling Process continues for
years
 Class Descr iption Examples
I I II I
Alla graft Allograft bone used alone or in combination Allegro, Othroblast,
based with other materials Opteform, Grafton

Natural and recombinant gro\JV'th

Factor TGF-p, PDGF, FGF,
factors used alone or in combination
based BMP
with other
materials

Cell based Cells used to generate new tissue alone or Mesenchymal stem cells
seeded onto a support matrix
Ceramic Includes calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, Osteograf, Norian SRS,
based and bioglass used alone or in combination ProOsteon, Osteoset

Both degradable and nondegradable

Polymer
polymers used alone and in combination Cortoss, OPLA, lmmix
based
with other materials
BONE GRAFTS SUBSTITUTES
Allografts
Allogro- deminerelized bone matrix (DBM)
Dyanagraft- DBM & polymer

Ceramic based:
Osteoset - Calcium sulfates tab (left)
Aloomatrix- Calcium sulfates tab + DBM (right)

Hydroxyapetite based:
Proosteon- hydroxyapetite in either a particulate
Or a block, form by chenically treated sea corals.