ENVIRONMENT

MANAGEMENT &
PROTECTION
GERONIMO ANTONIO B. SINGSON
BFA, LLB, MBA, CIU, CRB, MPA
NATURE IS THE
BOOK OF WHICH
GOD IS THE
AUTHOR
 Harvey
RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE
1987 CONSTITUTION

 PREAMBLE: Conserve and develop our patrimony

 NATIONAL TERRITORY: Terrestrial, fluvial, aerial
domain, including its territorial sea, the seabed, the
subsoil, insular shelves, submarine areas. The waters
around, between, and connecting the islands of the
archipelago, regardless of their breadth and
dimensions.
 RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE
1987 CONSTITUTION

 STATE POLICIES
 Rightto health: The State shall protect and promote
the right to health of the people and instill health
consciousness among them. – Sec. 15
 Right
to Balanced Ecology: The State shall protect and
advance the right of the people to a balanced and
healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and
harmony of nature. – Sec. 16
RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE
1987 CONSTITUTION

 BILL OF RIGHTS
 Right to Due Process of Law – Sec. 1
 Right to privacy – Sec. 2
 Right to Access to Information – Sec. 7
 The Constitutional right to information is a very powerful
tool in the game, and legal arsenal of environmental
advocacy. E.g., It can be used to legally compel the
Government to release the relevant environment data.
 RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE
1987 CONSTITUTION

 NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PATRIMONY (Art. XII)

 Efficient use of Resources – Sec. 1
 State Ownership of Natural Resources – Sec. 2
 Lands of Public Domain and Classification – Sec. 3
 Limits of Forest Lands and National Parks – Sec. 4
 Protection of Indigenous Cultural Communities – Sec. 5
RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE
1987 CONSTITUTION

 SOCIAL JUSTICE & HUMAN RIGHTS (Art. XIII)

 Ecological considerations in Agrarian Reform – Sec. 4
 Preferential
Use of Marine Resources for Subsistence
Fishermen – Sec. 7
 Health Care and Regulation – Sec. 11
 Rights of Women – Sec. 14
 Role and Rights of People’s Organizations – Sec. 15
RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE
1987 CONSTITUTION

 Local Autonomy – Sec. 25

GRASS AND SKY ARE THE
TWO CANVASSES INTO
WHICH THE RICH DETAILS
OF THE EARTH ARE DRAWN
Louise Erdrich, Big Grass
 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS

 PD No. 825 – Improper Garbage Disposal (1975)

 PD No. 856 – Sanitation Code (1975)
 PD No. 984 – Pollution Control Law (1976)
 PD No. 1151 – Environmental Policy (1977)
 PD No. 1152 – Philippine Environmental Code (1977)
 PD No. 1586 – Establishing an Environmental Impact Statement
System (1978)
 Proc. No. 2146 – Environmentally Critical Areas and Projects (1981)
 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS

 RA No. 386 – The Civil Code of the Philippines (1949)

 RA No. 6969 – Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes
Control Act of 1990
 RA No. 7586 – National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992
 RA No. 8749 – Air Quality Management (Revised) The Philippine Clean Air
Act of 1999
 RA No. 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
 RA No. 9147 – Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001
 RA No. 9275 – Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS

 EO 192 – DENR (1987)

 MANDATE: The primary government agency responsible for the
conservation, management, development, and proper use of the
country’s environment and natural resources, specifically forest and
grazing lands, mineral resources, including those in reservation and
watershed areas, and lands of public domain, as well as licensing and
regulation of all natural resources as may be provided for by law in
order to ensure equitable sharing of the benefits derived therefrom for
the welfare of the present and future generations of Filipinos.
 RA No. 6969 – TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND
HAZARDOUS AND NUCLEAR WASTES CONTROL
ACT OF 1990

 Hazardous substances are substances which present a short-term

or long-term hazards such as acute and chronic toxicity by
ingestion, inhalation, skin absorption, corrosivity or other skin or
eye contact; carcinogenic, resistance to detoxification, the
potential to pollute underground or surface waters, offensive
odors, etc.
 Hazardous waste are substances that are without any safe
commercial, industrial, agricultural or economic usage and are
shipped, transported, or brought from the country of origin for
dumping or disposal into or transit through any part of the
territory of the Philippines.
 RA No. 7586 – National Integrated
Protected Areas System Act of 1992

 The following are National Integrated Protected Areas as established by

law:
 Strict nature reserve;
 Natural park;
 Natural monument;
 Wildlife sanctuary;
 Protected landscapes and seascapes;
 Resource reserve;
 Natural biotic areas; and
 Others.
 RA No. 8749 – The Philippine Clean Air
Act of 1999

 Significant features:
 Air Quality Monitoring and Information Network
 Integrated Air Quality Improvement Framework
 Air Quality Control Action Plan
 Airsheds
 Air Quality Control Techniques
 Air Pollution Clearances and Permits
 Pollution from Motor Vehicles
 Pollution from Other Sources
RA No. 8749 – The Philippine Clean Air
Act of 1999

 INNOVATIONS OF THE CLEAN AIR ACT

 Technology-forcing Standards
 Incineration

 Open burning
 Citizen’s Suit
 SLAPP Suits (Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation)
RA No. 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000

 SIGNIFICANT FEATURES:
 Mandatory Segregation of Solid Wastes
 Collection and Transport of Solid Wastes
 Recycling Program
 Composting
 Waste Management Facilities
 LGU solid Waste Management
 Incentives
 RA No. 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000

 Some PROHIBITED ACTS:

 Littering, throwing, dumping of waste matters in public places, such as roads,
sidewalks, canals, esteros or parks, etc.
 The open burning of SOLID WASTE;
 Squatting in open dumps and landfills;
 Open dumping, burying of biodegradable or non-biodegradable materials in flood-
prone areas;
 Unauthorized removal of recyclable material intended for collection by authorized
persons;
 The manufacture, distribution or use of non-environmentally acceptable packaging
materials.
 Etc.
 RA No. 9147 – Wildlife Resources
Conservation and Protection Act of 2001

SIGNIFICANT FEATURES:
 Protection of Threatened Species
 Registration of Threatened and Exotic Species
 RA No. 9147 – Wildlife Resources
Conservation and Protection Act of 2001

 Some ILLEGAL ACTS:

 It shall be unlawful for any person to willfully and knowingly exploit wildlife
resources and their habitats;
 Killing and destroying wildlife species, except in some cases;
 Inflicting injury which cripples and/or impairs the reproductive system of wildlife
species;
 Dumping of wastes products detrimental to wildlife;
 Collecting, hunting or possessing wildlife, their by-products and derivatives;
 Gathering or destroying of active nests, nest trees, host plants, etc.;
 Transporting of wildlife;
 Etc.
RA No. 9275 – Philippine Clean Water
Act of 2004

 SIGNIFICANT FEATURES:
 Water Quality Management System
 National Sewerage and Septage Management Program
 Domestic Sewage Collection, Treatment and Disposal
 Water Pollution Permits and Charges
 Discharge Permits
 Financial Liability Mechanism
 Clean-up Operations
RA No. 9275 – Philippine Clean Water
Act of 2004

 Programmatic Environmental Impact Assessment

 Role
of the Local Government Units in Environmental
Management
 Business and Industry Role in Environmental Management
 Pollution Research and Development Programs
 Incentives and Rewards
RA No. 9275 – Philippine Clean Water
Act of 2004

 Some of the PROHIBITED ACTS:

 Discharging, depositing or causing to be deposited material of any kind
directly or indirectly into the waters bodies;
 Discharging, injecting or allowing to seep into the soil or sub-soil any
substance in any form that would pollute groundwater;
 Operating facilities that discharge regulated water pollutants without the
valid required permits or after the permit was revoked for any violation of
any condition therein;
 Disposal of potentially infectious medical waste into the sea water by
vessels;
 Etc.