Engine Analyzer

• To measure and display of battery voltage

• To measure cranking voltage and current

• To measure charging voltage and current

• To check C.B.point condition

• To check ignition coil output

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Fig. 1
• To measure the Ignition system (HT coil volts for each
cylinder), dwell angle and advance angels, power
balance

• To measure Engine rpm etc.,

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• It helps keep engine in fine tuned condition.

• Which increases fuel efficiency and performance

standard of vehicles.

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• Engine analyser includes oscilloscope and other
instruments for making test of the engine parts
and systems.

• It is very useful to perform complete engine analysis in a

very short time.

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• Some cars have a socket, or diagnostic connector, wired
to the various components

• For diagnostic check of the components, special

computerized test equipment is required

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• It includes a plug that can be inserted into the car socket
to complete connections between the car components
and the test equipment.

• All leads are attached by inserting each polarised plug

into its matching socket and then tightening the metal
cover to the sockets threads.

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• General lead hook up connections apply to all tests.

• The lead connections should be given properly.

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 Testing Of The Ignition Coil

Ignition coil is tested with special coil test meter. the

following are the main tests conducted.

1. Resistance of primary winding

2. Resistance of secondary winding

3. Internal short circuit test

4. Coil performance test.

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Fig. 2
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• Out of these, the first three tests can also be performed
with the help of multi meter, while the coil performance
may be tested by putting all other components in the
ignition system and observing spark.

• A week spark would then indicate the faulty coil.

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• A special oscilloscope, called ignition scope is also used
in the modern automobile shops to observe the coil
output wave form as shown in the figure

• which indicates clearly where the fault lies in the ignition

system.

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• For example : uneven firing voltage in various cylinders

indicates that either the spark plugs have worn – out or

some of the H.T. leads from distributor to sparkplugs

may be defective

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• Similarly absence of oscillation in the ignition surface
pattern indicates defective ignition coil.

• In the same way other typical pattern have been

observed which indicates defects in contact breaker,
condenser, plugs etc.

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 Quiz

1. In ignition coil testing week spark indicates

A) spark plug defective

B) faulty ignition coil

C) loose connections

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 Exhaust-gas Analyser

• The analysis of exhaust gases can be done with the help

of analyser.

• The infrared type of exhaust gas analyser, capable of

measuring the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide
emissions shown in following figure.

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Fig 1
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• The vehicle is kept in idle running condition

• Analyser probe inserted into the tail pipe of the car.

• The probe draws out some of the exhaust gas and

carries it through the analyser.

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• Two meters, a digital display, or a print out indicate
how much HC and CO are contained in the
exhaust gas.

• The HC meter measures in parts per million (ppm).

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• NOX testing machine also works in the same
way

• The finding is measured in grams per mile.

• Generally NOX testers are available only in

testing laboratories.

• They are not widely used in automotive-service

shop.

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 Quiz

• HC is measured in _____________.
Ans : PPM

• If the value of HC is less than 20 PPM __________ will

be displayed
Ans : PASS

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Computerised Wheel Balancer

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 Computerised Wheel Balancer

• Modern suspension systems and higher driving speeds

have made it necessary that the wheel and tyre assembly
be in balance if maximum tyre life are to be
realized.

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• Front wheels are more sensitive to an unbalanced
condition than the rear wheels, but all four should be
balanced to increase tire life.

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• A wheel and tyre assembly can be balanced in two ways
statically and dynamically.

• Static imbalance is indicated by ‘wheel tramp’.

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• Dynamic imbalance will cause the wheel to wobble or
shimmy.

• Either type of imbalance can exist without the other,

although both types are usually present at the same
time.

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• Wheel balance should be checked at regular intervals,
and always after a tire has been repaired, re-treaded, or
recapped.

• Computerised wheel balancers are used to check the

wheel balancing.

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• It is used to check the single plane and two plane
balancing.

• Balancer has a spindle driven by an electrical motor

(0.75 h.p.)

• Fix the wheel to the balancer spindle with the help of quick
cone lock nut.

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• Quick cone lock nut-ensures fast mounting and removal
of wheel.
• Spin the wheel , the computer displays unbalance for
inner and outer rims in single run.

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• Determine the size of weights need.

• Measuring range of this balancer is 0-200 gms and

balancing speed 400 rpm

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Measuring The Wheel Parameters And
Programming:

The following measurements of the wheel are taken and

they are to be entered in the balancer.
1. Rim distance: To be measured with rim
distance gauge.
2. Rim width : To be measured with caliper
3. Rim diameter: To be read from the tire
side wall.

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 Quiz

1. Static imbalance is indicated by

A) wheel wobble

B) wheel shimmy

C) wheel tramp

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 Wheel Alignment

• Is to align the wheels by checking Caster,

Camber, King pin inclination and Toe in/out.

• Wheel alignment is the process of aligning wheels

of vehicle as per the manufacturer’s
recommended values , on wheel alignment
machine for easy steering of vehicle and to
increase the tire life.
`

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Wheel Alignment Machine

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Description of Machine and its Accessories

• The wheel alignment machine consists main cabinet,

electronic unit, power supply unit, display panel,
membrane key board, sensor arms and printer.

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Wheel Alignment Machine Parts :

1. Left display 2. Right display

3. Program 4. Key board

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 5. Left sensor arm 6.Right Sensor arm
7. Mini key board on 8. ON/OFF switch
sensor arm
9. Back cover 10.Fuse-1,2,3 & 4
11. Power socket 12. Printer power
socket
13. Sensor arm 14. Air vent holes
connector
15. Lamp cable

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Wheel Brackets:

• The wheel brackets are mounted on left and right

wheels
• Sensor arms will be mounted on these wheel
brackets
• These are self centering type

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Rear wheel scale:
These scales are used as reference for centering the
front wheel with respect to geometric center line of the
vehicle.

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Rotary Plates:

• It consists of freely rotating plate in which degree

graduations are marked to measure the angle of
rotation.
• While carrying out wheel alignment, the wheels of
the vehicle being aligned will rest on these plates.
• The rotary plate enables left 20° and right 20°
movement required for measuring caster angle.

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Steering Lock:
The steering lock is to arrest the steering wheel
movement while performing Toe adjustment.

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Brake pedal lock:
• This is used to keep the brake pedal in pressed position,
so that the vehicle will not move during turning left 20°
and right 20° program

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