The velocity along the radius

of a pipe of 0.1 m radius varies

as u = 10 ×[1 – (r/0.1)2] m/s.
The viscosity of the fluid is
0.02 Ns/m2 . Determine the
shear stress and the shear
force over the surface at r =
0.1 m.
A thin plate 1 m wide is
slowly lifted vertically from a
liquid with a surface tension
of 0.1 N/m. Determine what
force will be required to
overcome the surface
tension. Assume β = 0.
The total length of contact just before
separation from the surface will be
twice the width of the plate or 2L.
The force will equal the product of
surface tension and the length of
contact.
F = 2 × 1 × 0.1 = 0.02 N.
A liquid with kinematic viscosity of 2.7
centistokes fills the space between a
large stationary plate and a parallel
plate of 500 mm square, the film
thickness being 1 mm. If the force
required to pull the smaller plate with a
uniform velocity of 3 m/s was 1.734 N,
determine specific weight of the liquid.
Assume that the liquid film is
maintained all over.
Bubbles are to be blown using a
glass tube of 2 mm diameter
immersed in oil to a depth of 10
mm. The specific gravity of oil is
0.96. If the surface tension of the
oil is 0.0389 N/m. Determine the
pressure inside the bubble at
formation.
When water was heated in a rigid
vessel the pressure rise was 14.49 ×
106 N/m2. Assuming that the vessel
volume did not increase due to the
increase in temperature or due to the
stress induced, determine the
percentage change in density. Assume
Ev = 2300 × 106 N/m2.
The square gate shown is eccentrically
pivoted so that it automatically opens at a
certain value of h.
What is that
value in
terms of L?
Determine the magnitude of the
hydrostatic force acting on the radial
gate if the gate is
40 ft long
(normal to
the page).
The rectangular channel shown is
1.5 m wide. What is the discharge
in the
channel?
Two streams discharge into a pipe as shown. The flows are
incompressible. The volume flow rate of stream A into the pipe is
given by QA =0.02t m3/s and that of stream B by QB =0.008t 2 m3/s,
where t is in seconds. The exit area of the pipe is 0.01 m2. Find the
velocity and acceleration of the flow at the exit at t =1 s.
A cart is moving along a track at a constant
velocity of 5 m/s. Water issues from a nozzle at
10m/s and is deflected through 180° by a vane
on the cart. The cross-sectional area of the
nozzle is 0.0012 m2. Calculate the resistive
force on the cart.
Find the least number when divided by 72,
80, 88 leaves the remainders 52, 60 and 68
respectively.
Find the greatest number of 4 digits which when
divided by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 should leave a
remainder =1 in each case.
The traffic lights at three different road
crossings change after every 48s, 72s,
and 108 secs respectively. If they all
change simultaneously at 8:20:00 hrs,
then at what time will they again change
simultaneously?
The equation of the effective stress failure envelope
for a loose, sandy soil was obtained from a direct
shear test at ԏf =σ tan 30. A drained tri-axial test
was conducted with the same soil at a chamber
confining pressure of 10 lb/in.2.
Calculate the deviator stress at failure.
For a normally consolidated clay,
Φ=24o. In a drained triaxial test,
the specimen failed at a deviator
stress of 175 kN/m2. What was
the chamber confining pressure?
 In a constant-head permeability
test in the laboratory, the following are
given: L=12 in. and A=15 in2. If the value of
k=0.006 in/sec and a flow rate of 450 in3/hr
must be maintained through the soil, what
is the head difference, h, across the
specimen? Also, determine the discharge
velocity under the test conditions.
 For a falling-head permeability
test, the following are given: length of
specimen =380 mm; area of specimen=6.5
cm2; k =0.175 cm/min. What should
be the area of the standpipe for the head
to drop from 650 cm to 300 cm in
8 min?.
Following are the results of a field unit weight
determination test on a soil with the
sand cone method:
• Calibrated dry density of Ottawa sand = 1667 kg/m3
• Calibrated mass of Ottawa sand to
fill the cone = 0.117 kg
• Mass of jar + cone + sand (before use) = 5.99 kg
• Mass of jar + cone + sand (after use) = 2.81 kg
• Mass of moist soil from hole = 3.331 kg
• Moisture content of moist soil = 11.6%
Determine the dry unit weight of compaction in the
field.
 For a sandy soil, the
following are given:
• Maximum void ratio 0.7
• Minimum void ratio 0.46
• D10 0.2 mm
Determine the hydraulic
conductivity of the sand at a
relative density of 60%.
Following are the results of a shrinkage
limit test:
• Initial volume of soil in a saturated
state = 24.6 cm3
• Final volume of soil in a dry state
=15.9 cm3
• Initial mass in a saturated state
= 44.0 g
• Final mass in a dry state =30.1 g
A student trying to test the braking ability of her
car determined that she needed
18.5 ft more to stop her car when driving
downhill on a road segment of 5% grade
than when driving downhill at the same speed
along another segment of 3% grade.
Determine the speed (mph) at which the student
conducted her test and the braking
distance (ft.) on the 5% grade if the student is
traveling at the test speed in the uphill
direction.
Determine the degree of determinacy of the
given structure.
Classify each of the structures as statically
determinate, statically indeterminate, or
unstable. If indeterminate, specify the
degree of indeterminacy.
A solid circular steel rod 6 mm in diameter
and 500 mm long is rigidly fastened to the
end of a square brass bar 25 mm on a side
and 400 mm long, the geometric axes of
the bars lying along the same line. An axial
tensile force of 5 kN is applied at each of
the extreme ends. Determine the total
elongation of the assembly. For steel,
E = 200 GPa and for brass, E = 90 GPa.
A square steel bar is 50 mm on a side
and 250 mm long. It is loaded by an
axial tensile force of 200 kN. If
E = 200 GPa and ν = 0.3, determine
the change of volume per unit volume.
It is required to transmit 70 hp
from a turbine by a solid circular
shaft turning at 200 rpm (rev/min).
If the allowable shearing stress is
45 MPa, determine the required
shaft diameter.
A thin-walled cylinder is 26 cm in
diameter and of wall thickness
2.5 mm. The cylinder is subject to an
internal pressure of 650 kPa. What
additional axial tensile force may act
simultaneously without the maximum
shearing stress exceeding 40 MPa?
A simply supported beam is subject to a uniform
load of 2 kN/m over the region shown in Fig. 6-
31. Determine the maximum shearing force and
bending moment in the beam.
A 250-mm-deep wide-flange section
with Ix = 61 × 106 mm4 is used as a
cantilever beam. The beam is 2m long
and the allowable bending stress is
125 MPa. Determine the maximum
allowable intensity w of uniform load
that may be carried along the entire
length of the beam.
Select a suitable rectangular
section twice as high as it is wide
to act as a cantilever beam 2 m
long that carries a uniformly
distributed load of 40 kN/m. The
working stress in either tension or
compression is 150 MPa.
A T-beam having the cross section shown
in Fig. 7-43 projects 2 m from a wall as a
cantilever beam and carries a uniformly
distributed load of 8 kN/m. Determine the
maximum tensile and compressive
bending stresses.
The cantilever beam described in Problem
8.20 is of circular cross section, 10 cm in
diameter. The length of the beam is 4 m
and the applied moment is 7000 N-m.
Determine the maximum deflection of the
beam in centimeters.
Use E = 200 GPa.
It is also referred to as limit design or
capacity design, is a design process
that considers the redistribution of
moments as successive cross
sections yield, thereby forming plastic
hinges that lead to a plastic
mechanism.
A structural element load that is the
weight of the member itself, plus the
weights of all materials permanently
incorporated into the structure and
supported by the member.
 Determine the compressive
strength of the cast in place
concrete in 15 days after being
mixed. Assume a desired
strength of concrete in 28 days
will reach fc’=3000psi.
A 300 mm x 800mm concrete beam with
f’c=28 Mpa and using fy=415 Mpa
reinforcements is reinforced with 7-
25mmø deformed top bars at the face of
the left column support. It has 10mmø
bars stirrups. Compute the effective
depth of the concrete block in
compression and the distance from the
neutral axis to outer compression fiber.
A reinforced rectangular beam has width of 350 mm
having a simple span of 6 m. It carries a dead load
moment (including its own weight) of 116 KN-m, a live
load moment of 148 KN-m and a moment due to the
effect of earthquake of 135 KN-m. If f’c = 27 MPa, with a
steel yield strength Fy of 400 MPa.

A) Compute the design moment.

B) Compute the effective depth of the beam. Use ρ = ½
ρmax.
C) Compute the number of 25-mm Ø rebars.
An A36 steel girder has the
following properties:
bf = 250 mm, tf = 15 mm,
d = 300 mm, tw = 15 mm
What is the capacity of the section
by shear?
A 10-mm gusset plate 300 mm wide is
bolted to a 20-mm thick column by four 25
mm bolt arranged in a straight line along
the 300 mm side. For the gusset plate,
Fy= 250 MPa, Fu = 400 MPa. Allowable
shearing stress on bolts(single shear) is
160 MPa. What is the capacity of the
gusset plate?
Calculate the stopping sight
distance on a highway at a
descending gradient for a design
speed of 80kph. Assume
coefficient of friction as f=0.35 and
the reaction time of the driver
applied is 2.5 secs.
The average normal flow of traffic on cross
roads A and B during design period are 400
and 250 pcu per hour, the saturation flow
values on these roads are estimated as 1250
and 1000 pcu per hour respectively. The all
red time required for pedestrian crossing is
12 secs. Design a TWO PHASE Traffic signal
using Webster’s method.
A vertical crest curve on a single carriageway
road with a design speed of 85 kph is to be
built in order to join an ascending grade of 4%
with a descending grade of 2.5%. The
motorist’s eye height is assumed to be 1.05m
while the object height is assumed to be
0.26m.
(1) Calculate the minimum curve length
required curve length in order to satisfy the
requirements of minimum sight distance of
160m.
The width of expansion joint gap is
2.5cm in a cement concrete pavement.
If the laying temperature is 100C and the
maximum slab temperature in summer
is 540C. Assume the coefficient of
thermal expansion ᵝ= 10x10-6 cm/m per
0C. Determine the spacing between

expansion joint.
A major District Road with thin
bituminous pavement surface in low
rainfall area has horizontal curve of
radius 1400m. If the design speed is
65kph. What should be the super
elevation?
The normal annual rainfall at five stations
A, B, C, D, and E in a catchment are 100,
80, 95, 105, and 90 cm, respectively. In the
year 2005, the station B was inoperative
and the stations A, C, D, and E recorded
annual precipitation of 90, 95, 90 and 85
cm, respectively. Estimate the rainfall at
station B in that year.
Suppose we have an agricultural field
protected from the adjacent river by a
levee, which is designed to retain the one
in 100 floods.
(a) What is the chance of the field being
flooded in the next 25 years?
(b) If we wish to lower the risk to 1%, what
ARI flood should the levee be designed
for?
The isohyets of annual precipitation in a
basin were drawn. The areas between the
isohyets are given below. Calculate the
mean annual precipitation over the basin.
In a catchment, rainfall is recorded at four
stations. At the stations, the rainfall amounts in a
year are 1,025, 1,100, 950, and 1,200 mm; and
the area of influence under the stations are 100,
150, 200, and 220 ha, respectively. Calculate
the mean rainfall over the catchment using:

(a) Arithmetic average

(b) Thiessen approach
 A water shed covering
80 hectares had a storm in
which fell at the rate of 12.5
mm/hr for the first 2 hour, 7.5
mm/hr for the next 5 hours and
10 mm/hr for the following hour.
Determine the volume of rain
that fell in cu-m.
Find the maximum discharge
through an irrigation channel
having the bed width of 4m and
fully supply depth of 1.5m.
Given that n = 0.02 s = 0.0002
Side slope 1:1.
 On average,
a) How many times will a 10-
year flood occur in a 40 year
period?
b) What is the probability that it
will not occur at all in a 40 year
period.
c) What is the probability that it
will occur at least once in a 40 year
period.
Figure 1.30 shows a submerged flow over
a sharp-crested weir in a rectangular
channel. If the discharge per unit width is
1.8 m3/s/m, estimate the energy loss due
to the weir. What is the force on the weir
plate?
A high-velocity flow from a hydraulic
structure has a velocity of 6.0 m/s and a
depth of 0.40 m. It is deflected upwards at
the end of a horizontal apron through an
angle of 45° into the atmosphere as a jet
by an end sill. Calculate the force on the
sill per unit width.
A hydraulic jump assisted by a two-dimensional
block is formed on a horizontal apron. Estimate the
force FD in kN/m width on the block when a
discharge of 6.64 m3/s per m width enters the apron
at a depth of 0.5 m and leaves it at a depth of
3.6 m.
A 2.5-m wide rectangular channel carries 6.0 m3/s
of flow at a depth of 0.50 m. Calculate the minimum
height of a streamlined, flat–topped hump
required to be placed at a section to cause critical
flow over the hump. The energy loss over the hump
can be taken as 10% of the upstream velocity head.
A brick-lined sewer has a semicircular
bottom and vertical side walls 0.60 m
apart. If the depth of flow at a section
where the flow is known to be at a
critical state is 0.60 m, estimate the
discharge in the sewer.
A 5.0-m wide trapezoidal channel
having a side slope of 1.5:1 is laid on
a slope of 0.00035. The roughness
coefficient n = 0.015. Find the normal
depth for a discharge of 20 m3/s
through this channel.