NEWTON’S LAWS

Review
Channel Setting Instructions for ResponseCard RF

1. Press and release the "GO" button.

2. While the light is flashing red and green, enter the 2 digit
channel code (i.e. channel 1 = 01, channel 21 = 21).

Channel is 60

3. After the second digit is entered, Press and release the "GO"
button.

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 Please select a Team.
1. Team 1
2. Team 2
3. Team 3
4. Team 4
5. Team 5
6. Team 6

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 Force = Mass x Acceleration
1. Newton’s First Law
2. Newton’s Second Law
3. Newton’s Third Law

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 Every action has an equal and opposite
reaction
1. Newton’s First Law
2. Newton’s Second Law
3. Newton’s Third Law

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 An object at rest remains at rest & an
object in motion remains in motion
1. Newton’s First Law
2. Newton’s Second Law
3. Newton’s Third Law

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Newton’s First Law
 Newton’s First Law states that an object at rest stays at rest and
an object in motion remains in motion UNLESS a NET external
force is applied
 Net force is equal to the sum of all forces
 Also called the law of inertia
 All objects have inertia
 Inertia is proportional to mass
 You can demonstrate understanding of Newton’s 1 st Law by:
 Distinguishing between balanced (equilibrium) and

unbalanced forces.
 Explaining Newton’s first law in terms of balanced forces.
A 30-newton force and a 45-newton force are acting from a
single point in opposite directions. What additional force
must be added to produce equilibrium?

1. 15 N acting in the same

direction as the 30-N force
2. 15 N acting in the same
direction as the 45-N force
3. 45 N acting in the same
direction as the 30-N force
4. 75 N acting in the same
direction as the 45-N force

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 The graph below shows the velocity of a car that is
moving in a straight line. During which of the
following intervals are forces on the car balanced?

1. q to r
2. r to s
3. s to t
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4. t to u
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Newton’s Second Law
 Newton’s Second Law relates net force to the acceleration given
to an object of a certain mass
 The net force applied to an object is equal to its mass times its
acceleration
 F = ma
 Force is measured in Newtons
 One Newton is equal to one kilogram times one meter per second
squared
 You can demonstrate understanding of Newton’s 2 nd Law by:
 Using kinematic equations to solve one-dimensional motion problems.
 Identifying the effect of force on acceleration.
 The figure shows a block that is being pulled along
the floor. According to the figure, what is the
acceleration of the block?

m
1. 2 s2

2. 3 m
s2

3. 4 m
s2

4. 6 m
s2

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 A 37.5kg child on a skateboard experiences a 75.0N force as
shown. What is the expected acceleration of the child?

m
1. 0.500 s2

2.00
m
2. s2

m
3. 5.00 s2

m
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1. 2. 3. 4.
Increased acceleration is
mathematically related to:
1. Increased force and
increased mass
2. Increased force and
decreased mass
3. Decreased force and
decreased mass
4. Decreased force and
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Newton’s Third Law
 Newton’s Third Law states that every action has an
equal and opposite reaction
 An interaction involves an action force and an equal,
opposite reaction force
 The two forces comprise an action-reaction pair
 You can demonstrate understanding of Newton’s 3rd
Law by:
 Identifying the equal and opposite forces in an
interaction (action – reaction pairs)
 A soccer player kicks a 0.5-kilogram stationary ball
with a force of 100 Newtons. What is the force on
the player’s foot?

1. 0N
2. 50 N
3. 100 N
4. 200 N

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When a soccer player passes a ball, the action force is
exerted by the foot on the ball. The reaction force is

1. The foot hitting the

ball
2. The ball flying
through the air
3. The ball hitting the
foot
4. The ball hitting the
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 A student in a lab experiment jumps upward off a common
bathroom scale as the lab partner records the scale reading.
What does the lab partner observe during the instant the
student pushes off?
1. The scale reading will remain
unchanged during the entire time
the student is in contact with the
scale.
2. The scale reading will increase
momentarily then will decrease as
the student is moving upward from
the scale.
3. The scale reading will increase
during the entire time the student is
in contact with the scale.
4. The scale reading will decrease
momentarily then will increase as
the student is moving upward from
the scale.
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Mass and Weight
 Mass is a measure of the amount of matter contained in an
object
 Denser materials have more matter in a smaller volume
 Weight is the magnitude of the gravitational force on an
object
 Weight = mass x acceleration due to gravity
 Mass is measured in kilograms; weight in Newtons
 You can demonstrate understanding of weight by:
 Distinguishing between mass and weight
 Calculating weight at the Earth’s surface
 A student holds a book at rest in an outstretched hand. The
force exerted on the book by the student is equal to the
book’s

1. Mass.
2. Weight.
3. Volume.
4. Density.

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If you went to the moon,
1. Your mass would
increase
2. Your weight would
increase
3. Your mass would
decrease
4. Your weight would
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If an object has a mass of 100 kg,
it’s weight is
1. 980 N
2. 980 kg
3. 100 kg
4. .098 N

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Exceptions to Newton’s Laws
 Newton's laws are not exact but provide very good
approximations unless an object is moving close to the speed
of light or is small enough that quantum effects are important.
 Einstein’s Theory of Special Relativity
 At near-light speeds, physical objects behave differently, so
Newton’s laws must be applied differently
 Quantum Mechanics
 At very small scales (electrons, photons, etc.), where particles
behave as both particles and waves, Newton’s Laws do not
effectively describe their behavior
 Team Scores
8.17 Team 2
8 Team 1
7.38 Team 4
7.33 Team 3
7.17 Team 6