Mechanical testing of flash butt

welded36”OD API-X65 grade pipe

By
A Sri Teja
14021D2519
 Introduction

• 36” OD pipes from four different steel mills have

been used for testing of the FWB technique.
• Traditional mechanical testing has been
performed on fwb coupons made from all steels,
while wide plate testing were only executed with
welds from the steels.
• Chemical composition of the steels used during
these tests.
 Testing process
• The testing has been performed in the fusion
line with specimens positioned approximately
1mm below the outer and inner surface.
• In addition testing has been performed in the
HAZ, both one and two mm from the fusion line.
• However, the main test position has been 1mm
into the heat affected zone(HAZ) as the
introductory tests showed that the toughness in
the results.
Test results
 Macro and hardness
examination
• Macros were extracted from all welds,these have been examined for
luck of fusion and possible gas porosities.
• In the fusion line small pores were observed in some of the macros.
The maximum length and width of the pores were respectively15
and 5 my.
• The hardness were for all welds measured in the cap and root
position from the fusion line till the base metal hardness were
reached.
• To minimize the amount of testing the distance between each
indentation varied between 2 and 8mm.
• For localization of the soft zones the hardness were also measured
through the whole thickness on a few macro- specimens taken from
the different steels.
• The grain size intercept is measured to 3.3my,
corresponding to astm grain size.
• The microstructure is as expected ferritic with
some carbide precipitates.
• An examination of the base metal microstructure
is also performed for all steels.
• The micro structure is with expectation for steel
b, ferritic with a islands of perlite.
• The microstruture in steel b is mainly bainitic,
indicating a quenching process after completion
of the plate rolling.
•
 Tensile testing
• The tensile testing was performed by means of
transverse tensile test bars 25mm in width for welds 86
to 123 an extensiometer was used to measure the yield
point.
• For welds 125 to 144 the 0.5 and 1% yield strength
have been calculated from the test graphs.
• The differences in the yield ratio may be explained by
the test method and extensiometer was used on the b
and c steels while the yield strength was calculated from
the tensile test graphs on steel A and D.
• Comparison of the standard deviations indicate that steel
A is the most uniform steel after flash butt welding.
 Conclusion
• The minimum required tensile strength for X65
steels was satisfied for nearly all tensile test bars
extracted from welds which have been heat
treated properly after flash butt welding .
• These results were also documented by the
wide plate test programme, it is therefore
concluded that the anticipated soft zones after
flash butt welding is of no major concern.
 Conclusion
• font size to be bigger
• Reduce material in slide
• Make only points & explain
• First explain what is flash but weld
• Whether NDT or DT
• Specimen types
• Tensile test rod is used how this can be used for
pipe
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