UTKARSHA SINGH

183
 Domestic
wastewater
discharge from
houses, commercial
institutes.
 Includes heavy
metals, organic,
inorganic matter
 BOD-Biological oxygen demand
 COD-Chemical oxygen demand
 TSS-Total suspended solids
 TDS-Total dissolved solids
 ph
 AEROBIC  ANAEROBIC
a) Oxidation pond a) UASB
b) ASP b) CETP
c) SBR
d) MBR
 Based on activated sludge process
 Commissioned in January,1999
 Wastewater is discharged in sewer outflow
 Consists of primary sedimentation tanks,
aeration tank, clarifiers
 Effluents is pumped to channels then to
sewage farms
 To remove large
particulate matter
floating in
wastewater
 Manual screens-
spacing 1-2
inches, ̊
 Mechanical
screens-spacing
0.5 to 1.5 inches
 To remove the
inorganic particles to
prevent damage to the
pumps
 Consists of mechanical
cleaned mechanism
 Scraper blades collect
the grit settled on the
floor of the chamber
 Horizontal velocity of
the flow–15 to
30cm/sec
 After grit removal
wastewater containing
light organic matter is
settled in PST
 Generally removes 30-
40% of BOD and
suspended solids to
50-70% from raw
sewage
 Retention time – 90 to
150 minutes
 Flow velocity –
1cm/sec
 Brings air and water
together to remove
dissolved gases
 Promotes microbial
growth in water
 Supplied oxygen
helps microbes to
break down organic
matter
 Done after aeration treatment
 Water flow is slow allowing activated sludge
to settle faster
 99% of dirt load is removed
 Settled sludge from PSTs and SSTs is fed in
the blending tank
 Microbes break down the organic content
present in biomass in the presence of oxygen
 To increase the solid content of sludge by
removing a portion of liquid
 Gravity sludge thickeners-sludge is
compressed by its own weight.
 Solids heavier than water settle to bottom
 Sludge solid concentration is increased to
about 4 %
 To balance fluctuation in flows
 To neutralize
 3 phase separator-separates gas, water,
sludge mixture
 Water is pumped in reactor in the bottom of
the tank-sludge formation take place
 Microbes in the sludge layer degrade the
organic compound and CO2 and CH4 are
released
 Clarified effluent is extracted from the top
the tank
 Here 75% of BOD is reduced
 High reduction of BOD
 Low sludge production
 Less area requirement
 Biogas can be used for energy
 To hold the waste
material after
treating in UASB
 Coagulation agents
are added
 Ex – metallic
salts(alum), poly
electrolytes
 Combination of
clarification and
flocculation in a tank
 2 concentric tank –
inner one is for
flocculation and outer
one for clarifying water
 Water is mixed with
reagents flocculation
takes place, heavy
particles settle down,
the liquid flows in the
clarifier zone
 Waste water is treated before entering the
river
 Treated effluent is used by farmers to
increase soil fertility
 Water is used for irrigation thus reducing
ground water consumption