Professional Documents
Culture Documents
By : Agung Kurniawan
D3 Keperawatan RST
Soepraoen Malang
DAHULU
Ilmuwan telah membuat teori
penuaan (Aristoteles, Hipocrates)
Semakin :
Jelas
Kompleks
Variatif
“Menjadi tua itu pasti,
menjadi dewasa itu
pilihan”
3 PERSPEKTIF PENUAAN
1. Usia biologis
kapasitas fungsi sistem organ
2. Usia psikologis
kapasitas perilaku adaptasi
3. Usia sosial
perubahan peran & perilaku sesuai
usia manusia
DISIKAPI
THEORIES OF AGING
1. Biologic Answering basic
question regarding physiologic
process
2. Sociologic Roles & relationship
3. Psychologic How an individual
responds to task of life
(influenced by biology &
sociology)
4. Moral/spiritual exam how an
individual seeks to explain &
validate their existence
BIOLOGIC THEORIES
OF AGING
TIPE PERUBAHAN
(Hayflick, 1996):
1. Deleterious penurunan
fungsi
2. Progressive bertahap
3. Intrinsic
4. Universal semua spesies
BIOLOGIC THEORIES
OF AGING
Stochastic theories
aging as event that occur
randomly & accumulate
over time
Nonstochastic theories
aging as certain
predetermined,
time phenomena
STOCHASTIC THEORIES
1.Error Theory
2.Free radical Theory
3.Cross-Linkage Theory
4.Wear and Tear Theory
ERROR THEORY
Error in transcription of
synthesis DNA
Decrease efficiency
LANSIA MENURUN
Korelasi kompetensi indv dg
lingk : Toleransi Dampak
PSYCHOLOGIC THEORIES
1. Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Human Needs
2. Jung’s Theory of
individualism
3. Erikson’s Eight Stages of
Life
4. Selective Optimization with
Compensation
PSYCHOLOGIC THEORIES
Bgmn seseorang berespon
thd tugas perkembangan
Dipengaruhi biologi & sosial
luas
Dasar : perkembangan terus
berjalan meski menua
Mekanisme psikologi :
adaptasi, memori,
kemampuan belajar, afeksi
& motivasi perub t.l &
perkemb.
HUMAN NEEDS THEORY
Kebutuhan dasar motivasi
Rendah tinggi
Lansia aktualisasi
Sifat : otonomi
kreatif
bebas
hub interpersonal
bertambah
INDIVIDUALISM
THEORY
2 tipe manusia:
introvert &
ekstrovert
Lansia : introvert
nostalgia
Menua sukses
seimbang
Menerima kondisi
OPTIMALISASI SELEKTIF
DG KOMPENSASI
Kompensasi penurunan tubuh
dg 3 elemen :
1. Seleksi : p pembatasan
2. Optimalisasi : p kehidupan
3. Kompensasi : kompensasi
kehilangan yg adaptif
MORAL & SPIRITUAL
THEORY
SPIRITUALITAS ???
Perkemb sbg pemikir moral
& spiritual eksistensi
Ns bantu klien dlm krisis
hidup temukan arti
HOLISTIC CARE