POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND MACHINERY

NOISE AND VIBRATION

CHOOSING AND ANALYZING MARINE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
COURSE LECTURER: ADHI ISWANTORO, S.T., M.T.

[GROUP 2] STUDENT NUMBER

SEAN CHEN GYARINO 04211740000002

TYASSATRIO KUNCOROWIBOWO 04211740000036
NICKO RYANGGA PRADITYA 04211740000038
ADITYA PRAYUDHA 04211740000055
 MAIN COMPONENTS IN PROPULSION SYSTEM

Prime mover Transmission Propulsor

• Diesel Engine • Direct • Fixed Pitch Propeller

• Steam Turbine • Geared • Controllable Pitch
Propeller
• Gas Turbine
• Electric-Driven
Engine
MAIN TRANSMISSION SYSTEM DIAGRAM
CRITERIA FOR CHOOSING THE PRIME MOVER
1. Required horsepower
2. Weight
3. Space
4. Capital cost (CAPEX)
5. Running costs (OPEX)
6. Ease of installation
7. Vibration
8. Noise and other signatures
9. Availability
10. The ship’s requirement for electrical power and heat
11. Reliability and maintainability
12. The ship’s requirement for maneuvering ability and/or for slow-speed operation
ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF PRIME
MOVER TYPES
SHAFTING

• There may be one or more sections of intermediate shafting between the thrust shaft and the tailshaft,
depending upon the machinery space location. All shafting is manufactured from solid forged ingot
steel with integral flanged couplings. The shafting sections are joined by solid forged steel fitted bolts.
• The intermediate shafting has flanges at each end and may be increased in diameter where it is
supported by bearings.
• The propeller shaft or tailshaft has a flanged face where it joins the intermediate shafting. The other
end is tapered to suit a similar taper on the propeller boss. The tapered end will also be threaded to
take a nut which holds the propeller in
• Thrust shaft -> one or more intermediate shafts -> the tailshaft. These shafts are supported by the
thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stern tube bearing. A sealing arrangement is provided at
either end of the tailshaft
MATERIAL FOR PROPELLER SHAFT
• In general shaft are made of forged (mildsteel). Sometimes high tensile steel , or alloys such as stainless
steel are used and maybe of composite materials. Most often shafts are solid, but they may also be
hollow for example when light shafts are required in passenger vessels or naval vessels or when CPPs
are used.
POWER TRANSMISSION THROUGH SHAFT
• Shaft made up of 4 shafts:
• Thrust shaft -connects to bull gear
• Line shaft -thrust shaft to hull
• Stern-tube shaft -pierces hull
• Tail shaft -connects to prop
• Connected by couplings
• Supported by Radial Bearings
• Main thrust bearing -absorbs axial thrust created by prop
• Stern tube bearings -radial bearings supporting the stern shaft
• cooled by seawater
• Strut bearing -support shaft outside hull
• Fairwaters -shields around out-of-hull couplings and bearings to reduce drag
GEARING DIESEL ENGINE
Toothed Wheel Gear is first choice, because of:
• High specific Output
• Small dimensions
• Weight and moment inertia
• Unequaled efficiency
• Gear losses are almost negligible
• -Heat generation by toothed wheel also low
• Ship’s propulsion itself poses a challenge to engineering and technology of the toothed wheel gear:
• -Strict requirements of reliability and availability for continuous operation
• -Power outputs to be transmitted and the output torque
• -Need for quite running
• Basically, marine gearboxes consist of meshing teeth on pinions and wheels,which transfer
power from a driveshaft (primary) to a driven shaft(secondary) and reduce speed: [i= n engine/
n propeller].
• Three configurations will be discussed; parallel,locked train and epicyclic.
• Parallel configurations consist of pinions and wheels with teeth on the periphery. Single and
double stage reduction systems are used. In single gears,the diesel engine drives a pinion with a
small number of teeth. This pinion drives the main wheel that is directly coupled to the
propeller shaft.
• The double reduction systems are more usual for turbine drives. In a double gear, the prime
mover would drive the primary pinion, which drives the primary wheel.
• The primary wheel is connected by a shaft to the secondary pinion, which drives the main
wheel.
• In an epicyclic system, one or more wheels travel around the outside or inside of another wheel
whose axis is fixed. They are referred to as planetary, solar and star gears. The next figure
shows an example of this type of gears. Note that the input and output shafts are in-line.

• The wheel on the principal axis is called the sun wheel. The wheels whose axis revolves
around the principal axis are the planet wheels. The internal teeth-gear that meshes with the
planet is called the annulus.

• The different arrangements of fixed arms and the sizing of sun and planet wheels provide a
variety of different reduction ratios.
Gear Box

A special type of the double gear has a quill shaft with a PTO (powertake-off) for the drive of, for instance,a
generator. The combination of multiple disc couplings and quill shafts makes it possible to use the engine
to drive only the PTO shaft or only the propeller shaft or both shafts. A quill shaft consists of a hollow shaft
through which another shaft is led.
Marine gears are often of the double helical type which means they have two sets of helical teeth in
opposite direction on the same wheel or pinion. A single set would produce a resulting axial force, the
double set balances out the axial force.
PROPULSOR
 Nozzle Propeller

Contra Rotating Propeller (CRP)

 Fixed Pitch Propeller

Controllable Pitch Propeller

 Azimuth Propeller

Water Jet