Poetry

Poetry

Poetry is that broad genre of

literature that is written in stanza form.
Its is characterized by regular rhythmic
pattern, rhyme, horizontal and/or
vertical measure l, imagery,
symbolism, and figurative language.
These elements make it distinct from
prose form.
Elements

Of

Poetry
Measure
Measure
involves the
counting of the
Vertical Measure
number of lines
Vertical measure
and stanzas and
pertains to the
the number of
classification of the
syllables and feet.
poem based on the
number of lines per
stanza or poem.
 Number of Lines Terminology
Two Couplet
Three (all three lines rhyme) Triplet
Three (the first and last lines
Tercet
rhyme)
Four Quatrain or Quartet
Five Cinquain or Quintain
Six Sestet
Seven Septet
Eight Octave
Nine Nonet
Horizontal Measure
In horizontal measure, the lines are described
according to the number of syllables:
Number of Syllables Terminology
One Monosyllabic
Two Disyllabic
Three Trisyllabic
Four Tetrasyllabic
Five Pentasyllabic
Six Hexasyllabic
Seven Heptasyllabic
Eight Octosyllabic
Nine Nonasyllabic
 On the other hand, horizontal measure may also
pertains to the meter or feet of each line:

Number of Feet Terminology

One Monometer
Two Dimeter
Three Trimeter
Four Tetrameter
Five Pentameter
Six Hexameter
Seven Heptameter
Eight Octameter
Rhythm
Rhythm is the regular succession of accented and
unaccented syllables in a line. It is associated with metrical
feet. Metrical feet are classified as:
Lamb – a foot with an unstressed syllable followed by a
stressed syllable
Anapest – a foot with two unstressed syllables followed
by a stressed syllable
Trochee – a foot with a stressed syllable followed by an
unstressed syllable
Dactyl – a foot with a stressed syllable followed by two
unstressed syllables
Spondee – a foot with two stressed syllables
Pyrrhic – a foot with two unstressed syllables
Rhyme
Rhyme is the presence of words that have similar or
identical final sounds.
How do I love thee? Let me I love thee with the passion put
count the ways. to use
I love thee to the depth and In my old griefs, and with my
breadth and height childhood’s faith.
My soul can reach, when feeling I love thee with a love I seemed
out of sight to lose
For the ends of being and ideal With my lost saints. I love thee
grace. with the breath,
I love thee to the level of every Smiles, tears, of all my life; and,
day’s if God choose,
Most quiet need, by sun and I shall but love thee better after
candle-light. death.
I love thee freely, as men strive
for right. -How Do I Love Thee?, Elizabeth
I love thee purely, as they turn Barrett-Browning
 The poem shows a rhyme scheme or pattern of
abbaabba (octave) and cdcdcd (sestet) thus making it
a Petrarchan or Italian Sonnet. If a sonnet has three
quatrains and a couplet having the rhyme pattern
abab bcbc efef gg, it is a Shakespearean or English
Sonnet. If a sonnet has three quatrains and a couplet
having the rhyme pattern abab bcbc cdcd ee, it is a
Spenserian Sonnet. Lastly, a Filipino Sonnet has a
variable of rhyme patterns and variable measure.
Types of Rhyme:
1. Internal Rhyme
There is an internal rhyme when rhyming words are
found within one line.

2. Terminal Rhyme
If the rhyming words are found at the end of the
lines, terminal line exists.

3. Perfect Rhyme
Perfect rhyme occurs when the final sound of
rhyming words are identical. For example choose and lose,
death and breath, and rhyme and dime.
4. Approximate Rhyme
Approximate rhyme occurs when the final sounds of
rhyming words are similar.

5. Eye Rhyme
Eye rhyme occurs when the words have identical final
letters which do not sound the same; thus the words appear
to rhyme.

6. Masculine Rhyme or Single Rhyme

Masculine rhyme occurs when the rhyming words
have one syllable each.

7. Feminine Rhyme or Double Rhyme

Feminine rhyme occurs when the rhyming words have
two syllables each and the stress on the first syllable.
8. Compound Rhyme
Compound rhyme occurs when the rhyming words
are compound words forming two pairs of rhyming words.

9. Monorime
A monorime exists when all the lines in the stanza
have the same final sound. Examples of this are tanagas,
korido, and an awit have monoriming quatrains.

10. Dirime
A dirime exists when a stanza has two pairs of
rhyming words. Quatrains with rhyme patterns of abab,
abba, or aabb are dirimes.
11. Tririme
A trireme exists when a stanza has three pairs
of rhyming words. A sestet having a rhyme pattern
of abcabc, aabbcc, or abccba are trireme.

12. Rime Riche or Identical Rhyme

Identical rime occurs when the rhyming words
are homonyms.
Imagery
Imagery is the creation of a picture or pictures by
using words that appeal to the senses. There are different
kinds of imagery.

a. Visual Imagery. Visual imagery involves the sense of

sight. The words pertain to size, shape, color, and similar
characteristics.
b. Auditory Imagery. Auditory imagery involves the sense
of hearing.
c. Olfactory Imagery. Olfactory imagery involves the sense
of smell.
d. Gustatory Imagery. Gustatory imagery involves the sense
of taste.
e. Tactile or Tactual Imagery. Tactile imagery involves the
sense of touch.
 Symbolism
Symbolism is
manifested when one thing is
let to represent another. It is
something which represents
Figures of Speech something else by
Figures of speech are association, resemblance, or
those words or phrases
convention.
connotatively used by the
writer to communicate
abstract ideas or to
pronounce an effect that
words used in their ordinary
or denotative sense cannot
produce.
Kinds
of
Poetry
1. Narrative Poems. A narrative poem serves to tell a story.
It is either an epic, a ballad, a metrical tale, or a metrical
romance.

2. Epic. An epic is a long narrative poem which deals with

the exploits or adventure of a hero. It is classified as a folk
epic if is of unknown authorship, or as a literary epic if it
was purposely written by an author who made himself
known. The Ilocano epic “Biag ni Lam-ang” used to be a
folk epic when it was still a part of the Ilocano’s oral
literature, but when Pedro and Bukaneg (considered the
Father of Ilocano Literature) put into writing and claimed
authorship of it, the epic became a literary epic.
3. Ballad. A ballad is a short narrative poem which deals
with a single incident and has a singable quality. Similar to
an epic, a ballad is classified into a folk ballad if it is not
authored or a literary ballad if somebody claimed
authorship of it. Francois Villon’s “The Ballad of Dead
Ladies” is an example of a literary ballad.

4. Metrical Tale. A metrical tale is a short story in verse

form. It lacks the singable quality of a ballad.

5. Metrical Romance. A metrical romance is a love story in

a verse form. It differs from a metrical tale for the reason
that its subject is love.
6. Poem. A dramatic poem is a poem intended to be
performed or staged. It is classified into tragedy, comedy,
tragicomedy, farce, melodrama, historical play, and religious
play.

7. Lyric Poem. A lyric poem is a poem which deals with a

certain subject matter.

8. Ode. An ode is a poem for the addressed to some praised

object, person, or quality, characteristically exhortatory and
philosophical, and is using an elevated language.

9. Elegy. An elegy is a poem for the dead that is far from

pessimistic, ennobling, exalted in tone, and offering an
optimistic note in the end.

10. Simple Lyric. A simple lyric is a poem that is pictorial and

11. Song. A song is a melodious poem intended to
be sung and readily adapted to music.

12. Psalm. A psalm is a song of praise to God or the

Virgin Mary.

13. Sonnet. A sonnet is a 14-line poem. It is classified

into Petrarchan, Shakespearean, Spenserian, or
Filipino.

14. Hymn. A hymn is a metrical composition adapted

for singing in a religious service. Like a psalm, it is a
song of joy or praise to the Lord or the Virgin Mary.
 History
of
Literature
Prehistoric Period
•The written forms of
• First forms of literature literature came when writing
were oral. was invented.
1. Folktales Egyptians- hieroglyphic
2. Fairy tales Mesopotamians- cuneiform
3. Riddles Filipinos- alibata oTagulaylay
oKunduman
4. Proverbs oBugtong oDiana
5. Epics oKasabihan oTagumpay
6. Legends oKawikaan oKumintang
7. Myths oSalawikain oIndulanin
8. Fables oHeleo o
9. Short Literary Pieces oyayi
Greek Period •Famous in Poetry
Pindar - choral
•Foremost writer of Ancient Greece lyrics
r. Anacreon- song
1. Blind Poet Homer- Iliad ( Story Simonides-
of Ilion and Troy),Odessey ( elegies
Story of Odessey) Sappho- love
2. Aeschylus- Father of Greek lyrics
Tragedy
3. Euriped and Sophocles -Father
of theban Plays
4. Aristophanes- Father of Greek
Comedy
5. Herodotus - Father of Greek
History
 Roman Period Medieval Period
•Romans merely imitatedd the •This period witnessed the who birth
works of the Greeks. of two great epics.
•Virgil, and Plautis & Terence who oNibelungenlied (The Song of
combined works of Greeks Nibelung), Germany
•In philosophy: oThe Song of Roland, France
•With the spread of Christianity,
1. Cireno Younger writers came up with the religious
2. Tacitus 8. Ovid writing.
3. Livy 9. Catullus oSt. Francis of Assisi- Peace
4. Quintilian 10. Martial Prayer
5. Jevenal 11. Lucan oMartin Luther King- A Mighty
6. Pliny the 12. Horace Fortress is Our God
Elder •Asian Writers
7. Pliny the oJapan - Lady Sie Shanagon,
Lady Sarashina
oChina- Wang Wei, Li Po, Tu Fu
oPersia- Omar Khyyam, Hafiz
Renaissance of Period
•The period of reflowering of literature produced to great
sonneteers:
Francesco Petrarch - Father of Italian Sonnet
William Shakespeare- Father of English Sonnet, Barn Of
Avon, ( the Greatest Dramatist of all time)

•Other notable writers

Christopher Marlowe- the first great dramatist
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne- Father of Modern Essay
Glovanni Boccaccio
Francois Rabelias
Miguel de Cervantes- author of Spanish Epic, Don
Quixote de la Mancha
Niccolo Machiavelli
Pre- Renaissance Period
•Encompassing the of the Age of Mannerism to
the Realist and Naturalist Period, the Post
Renaissance Period was carry over to the
previous period .

Modern Period
•The period of modernism was marked by
gardeism. During this period, the literature was
characterized by a departure from the traditional
forms, particular poetry, and from the
conventional subjects.
•Philippine English Literature divided in the following
periods;
Period of Orientation (1900-1910)
Period of Apprenticeship (1910-1920)
Period of Experimentation (1920-1940)
Period of Discontent (1941-1944)
Post-War Period (1951-1971)
Modern Period (1951-1971)
Martial Law Period (1962-1986)
Post Martial Law Era/ Contemporary Period ( 1986
to date)
•According to Francisco Tonogbanua( 1984 ), the division of
Philippine Literature in English are as follows;
American Regime
1898- 1925 -. Period of Orientation and
Imitation
1925-1935. -. Period of Experimentation and
Development
Commonwealth Period
1935-1941. -. Period of Golden Havest
1941- 1946. -. Period Apprehension and Doubt
Republic Period
1946-1972. - Period of the Old Society
1972- 1981. -. Period of the New Society
1981- present. -. Period of the New Republic
Local Poets
Abad, Gemino H.
A poet and critic from Cebu, Abad is one of the
co-founding members of the Philippine Literary Arts
Council (PLAC) , which published “Caracoa”, a poetry
journal in English Among his works are “Fugitive
Emphasis” (1973), “In Another Light” (1976), “A Formal
Approach to Lyric Poetry” (1978) , “The Space Between”
(1985), “Poems and Parables” (1988), “Index to Filipino
Poetry in English, 1905-1950” (1988) and “State of Play”
(1990).
Almario, Virigilio S.
National Artist of the Philippines for Literature in 2003,
Almario (aka Rio Alma) is a Filipino artist, poet, critic,
translator, editor, teacher, and cultural manager. He earned
his AB Political Science degree from the University of the
Philippines and took his master’s coruse in education at the
University of the East where he became associated with
literary figures such as Rogelio G. Mangabas and Lamberto E.
Antonio. He served as an instructor at the Ateneo De Manila
University from 1969 to 1972 and Dean of the College of Arts
and Letters un 2003 at the University of the Philippines where
he earned his MA degree in Filipino (1974). He founded the
Linangan sa Imahen, Retorika at Anyo (LIRA), an organization
of Filipino poets writing in Filipino, as well as Galian sa Arte
at Tula (GAT), together with fellow poets Teo Antonio and
Baltazar, Francisco
(April 2, 1788- February 20,1862)
Better known as Balagtas, Baltazar is considered
the “Shakespeare of the Philippines” because of his
impact on the Philippine Literature. He wrote the famous
awit. “Florante at Laura” regarded as his defining work.
He learned to write poems from Jose de la Cruz (Huseng
Sisiw), one of the most famous poets of Tondo. The
Filipino debate in extemporaneous verse, balagtasan, was
named after him.
Bautista, Cirili (Born 1941)
A multi- awarded Filipino poet, fictionist, critic and
write of non-fiction, Bautista is one of the co-founding
members of the Philippine Literary Arts Council (PLAC) and a
member of the Manila Critics Circlem Philippine Center of
International PEN (Peots, Essayist, and Novelist) and the
Philippine Writers Academy. A recipient of the Carlos
Palanca Memorial Awards (for poetry, fiction and essay in
English and Filipino.) he is profilic writer producing works
that include “Boneyard Breaking” “Sugat ng Salita” “The
Archipelago” “Telex Moon” “Summer Suns” “Charts” “The
Cave and Other Poems” “Kirot ng Kataga”, and “Bullets and
Roses”. The Poetry of Amado V. Hernandez.
De Jesus, Jose Corazon
(November 22,1896-1932)
Known by his pen name Huseng Batute, de Jesus is
best known for being lyricist of the nationalistic song, “Bayan
Ko”. His first published poem, “Pangungulila” appeared in the
Defunct “Ang Mithi”. He published some 4,000 poems in his
column in “Taliba” entitled “Buhay Manila” and wrote about
800 columns under the title “Ang Lagot na Bagting” as well as
about 300 shorts poems and prose works under several
pseudonyms, such as Pusong Hapis, Paruparu, Pepito
Matimtiman, Mahirap Dahong Kusa, Paruparong Luksa,
Amado Viterbi, Elias Anastasio Salagubang, and Water Lily.
Paired with another Filipino poet. Florentino Collantes, he
participated in the first balagtasan on April 6, 1924, and since
then until his death, he was dubbed “Hari ng Balagtasan”.
Evasco, Majorie
A Carlos Palanca Memorial Award recipient for
several times, Evasco was a founding member of two
organizations for female writers- Writers Involved in
Creating Cultural Alternatives (WICCA) and Women in
Literary Arts (WILA). Her prize-winning books are
“Dreamweavers: Selected Peoms” 1976-1986 (1987) and
“Ochre Tones: Poems in English and Cebuano” (1999).
Hernandez, Amado V.
(September 13,1903-March
24,1970)
National Artist of the Philippines for Literature,
Hernandez was a Filipino writer whose socio-political novels
were based on his experiences as a guerilla, political
detainee, and labor leader. A native of Hagonoy, Bulacan, he
grew up in Tondo, Manila and studied at the Manila
Highschool and American Correspondence Schoo. His
writings were included in such anthologies as Clodualo del
Mundo’s PArolang Ginto and Alejandro Abadilla’s Talaang
Bughaw. His outstanding works include Mga Ibong
Mandaragit (1969), Luha ng Buwaya (1972), and Isang
Joaquin, Nicomedes Marquez
(May 4, 1917- April 29, 2004)
Fondly called Nick, Joaquin was awriter, historian,
and journalist conferred the rank and title of National Artist
of the Philippines for Literature. Using the pen name
Quijano de Manila, he paid tribute to Rizal, whom he deeply
admired, by publishing three books: “The Storyteller’s New
Medium Rizal in Saga” “The Complete Peoms and Plays of
Jose Rizal” and ”A Question of Heroes: Essays in Criticism on
Ten Key Figures of the Philippine History”. He translated
Rizal’s “Mi Ultimo Adios” into English , ”Land That I Love,
Farewell”. He was also an editor of the Philippine Graphic
magazine, a publisher of its sister publication Mirror Weekly,
and a columnist of the Philippine Daily Inquirer (”Small
Beer”) and of Isyu, and Opinion tabloid.
Lumbera, Bienvenido (Born April 11,
1932)
National Artist of the Philippines for Literature in 2006,
Lumbera is a Filipino Poet, critic, and dramatist regarded as a
pillar of contemporary Philippine Literature, cultural studies, and
film. He is a recipient of numerous literary awards including the
Carlos Palanca Memorial Award for Literature (1975) , the
Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature and Creative
Communication Arts (1993) , several National Books Awards
from the National Book Foundation and Manila Critics Circle, the
Philippine Centennial Literary Prize for Drama (1988), and the
Cultural Center of the Philippines Centennial Honors for the Arts
(1999). Currently he serves as the editor of Sanghaya (National
Commision of Culture and the Arts), professor at the
Department of English in the School of Humanities of the
Rizal, Jose
The National Hero of the Philippines, Rizal is a poet
novelist, linguist, nationalist, scientist, ophthalmologist,
engineer and multi-faceted genius. As a poet, he started
writing at an early age. His first poem, “Sa Aking mga
Kabata” was an evidence of his nationalistic tendencies. He
won awards for two of his works namely “A la Juventud
Filipina” and “El Consejo de los Dioses”. His valedictory
poem entitled ”Mi Ultimo Adios” just like his Novels ”Noli
Me Tangere” and ”El Filibusterismo” was translated into
several languages and is studied by students abroad.
Sillada, Danny (Born 1963)
A member if the Creative Thinkers International
and Magnapoet, Sillada is a surrealist, painter, poet,
musician and performance artist from Davao Oriental
Mindanao. A recipient of the 2003 Pansindungog
Centennial Awards for Literary and Visual Arts, He was
controversial for his artwork ”Menstrual Period in
Political History”.
Villa Jose Garcia (Born August
5,1908)
A consummate artist in poetry. Villa is a poet, short
story writer, and painter. An advocate of art for art’s sake,
he is considered the undisputed leader of the ”artsakists”.
He compiled his peoms in the following books. ”Many
Voices” (1939). ”Poems” (1941). ”Have Come, Am Here”
(1941) ”Selected Poems and New” (1942) and a Doweglion
Book of Philippine Poetry” (1962). He also published in
1929 a series of the erotic poems collectively called “Man
Songs” for which he was fined 70.00 for obscenity by the
Manila Court of First Instance. He used the pseudonym
Doweglion because he considered himself a combination of
Foreign Poets
Barrett – Browning, Elizabeth (1806 – 1861)
An English poet, Barett – Browning was married to
Robert Browning. She authored “Sonnets from the
Portuguese”, a collection of poems which includes “How Do
I Love Thee”.

Blake, William (1757 – 1827)

An English poet, water colorist, and engraver, Blake
did the engravings fro “Book of Job” and “The Divine
Comedy”.

Browning, Robert (1812 – 1899)

An English poet, Browning composed “My Last
Duchess”, “Fra Lippo Lippi”, “Andrea del Sarto”, and “The
Ring and the Book”.
Dickinson, Enily (1830 – 1886)
An American poet, Dickinson is one of the foremost
authors in American literature. Her works include
“Chartless”, “I’m Nobody”, “Success is Counted Sweetest”,
and “The Soul Selects Her Own Society”.

Frost, Robert Lee (1874 – 1963)

An American poet, Frost is known for such works as
“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” and “The
Constant Symbol”.

Petrarch, Francesco (1304 – 1374)

Named as the “Father of the Italian Sonnet”, Petrarch
composed sonnets and love poems to Laura.
Poe, Edgar Allan (1809 – 1849)
An American poet, critic, and short – story writer.
Poe is famous for his works, “Annabel Lee” and “To
Helen”.

Shakespeare, William (1564 – 1616)

Named as the “Father of the English Sonnet”,
Shakespeare wrote dramatic poems (tragedies, comedies,
and histories) and lyric poems (sonnets) which he
compiled in a book.

Thomas, Dylan Marlais (1914 – 1953)

A Welsh poet, Thomas composed “Fern Hill” and
“Refusal to Mourn the Death by Fire of a Child in London”
and compiled his poems in a book entitled “Under Milk
Wood”.
Whitman, Walter (1819 – 1892)
An American poet, Whitman is popular for
his poem. “O Captain, My Captain” (written as a
tribute to the late US President Abraham Lincoln)
and his collection of poems, “Leaves of Grass”.
 O Captain! My Captain!
BY WALT WHITMAN

O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done,

The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is
won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and
daring;
But O heart! heart! heart!
O the bleeding drops of red,
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.
O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;
Rise up—for you the flag is flung—for you the bugle trills,
For you bouquets and ribbon’d wreaths—for you the shores
a-crowding,
For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces
turning;
Here Captain! dear father!
This arm beneath your head!
It is some dream that on the deck,
My Captain does notYou’ve
answer,fallen cold
his lips and
are dead.
pale and still,
My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will,
The ship is anchor’d safe and sound, its voyage closed and
done,
From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;
Exult O shores, and ring O bells!
But I with mournful tread,
Walk the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.
Word
Map
TERMS AND
DEFINITION
MEASURE - involves the counting of the number of lines and stanzas and
the number of syllables and feet.

VERTICAL MEASURE - the classification of the poem based on the number

of lines per stanza or poem.

HORIZONTAL MEASURE - the lines are measured according to the

numbers of syllables or feet of each line.

RHYTHM - the regular succession of accented and unaccented syllables in

a line. It is associated with metrical feet. Metrical feet are classified as iamb
(a foot with an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable), anapest
(a foot with two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable),
trochee (a foot with a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable),
dactyl (a foot with a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed
syllables), spondee (a foot with two stressed syllables), and pyrrhic (a foot
with two unstressed syllables).

RHYME - the presence of words that have similar or identical final sounds.
INTERNAL RHYME - the rhyming words are found within one
line.
TERMINAL RHYME - the rhyming words are found at the end
of the lines.
PERFECT RHYME - the final sound of rhyming words are
identical.
APPROXIMATE RHYME - the final sounds of rhyming words
are similar.
EYE RHYME - the words have identical final letters which do
not sound the same; thus, the words appear to rhyme.
MASCULINE RHYME OR SINGLE RHYME - the rhyming words
COMPOUND RHYME - the rhyming words are compound
words forming two pairs of rhyming words.
MONORIME – the lines in the stanza have the same final
sound.
DIRIME - a stanza has two pairs of rhyming words.
TRIRIME - a stanza has three pairs of rhyming words.
RIME RICHE OR IDENTICAL RHYME - the rhyming words are
homonyms.
IMAGERY - the creation of a picture or pictures by using
words that appeal to the senses. There are different kinds of
imagery: visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, tactile,
kinesthetic, and thermal.
SYMBOLISM - one thing is let to represent another.
FIGURES OF SPEECH - words or phrases connotatively used
by the writer to communicate abstract ideas or to pronounce
ELEVATED LANGUAGE. Elevated language is another term
for formal, or more dignified, sophisticated speech or
writing. It often uses more elaborate figures of speech.
Elevated language is used to add a feeling class, dignity or
superiority to someone or something.

ENNOBLING. to make something or someone better so

that people admire it, him, or her more

EXALTED. raised or elevated, as

in rank or character; of high station

EXHORTATORY. Acting or intended to encourage, incite, or

advise.

EXPLOITS.
MELODIOUS. producing, or having a pleasant tune; tuneful.

METRICAL. In poetry, metre or meter is the basic rhythmic

structure of a verse or lines in verse.

PESSIMISTIC. tending to see the worst aspect of things or

believe that the worst will happen.

READILY. without hesitation or reluctance; willingly.

SINGABLE. Capable of being sung.

VERSE FORM.
a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines.
POET. A poet is a person who creates poetry. Poets may
describe themselves as such or be described as such by
others. A poetmay simply be a writer of poetry, or may
perform their art to an audience.

ENGRAVING. Engraving is the practice of incising a design

onto a hard, usually flat surface by cutting grooves into it
with a burin.

SONNET. A poem of fourteen lines using any of a number

of formal rhyme schemes, in English typically having ten
syllables per line.
Thank You