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Sampling Concepts-contd.
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Inference About a Population
Proportion
When the population consists of nominal data, the
only inference we can make is about the
proportion of occurrence of a certain value.
The parameter p was used before to calculate
these probabilities under the binomial distribution.
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12.4 Inference About a Population
Proportion
Statistic and sampling distribution
the statistic used when making inference about p is:
x
p̂ where
n
x the number of successes .
n sample size .
pˆ za / 2 pˆ (1 pˆ ) / n
Thus, to estimate the proportion to within W, we can
write
W za / 2 pˆ (1 pˆ ) / n
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Selecting the Sample Size to
Estimate the Proportion
The required sample size is
2
za / 2 pˆ (1 pˆ )
n
W
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Sample Size to Estimate the
Proportion
Example
Suppose we want to estimate the proportion of customers
who prefer our company’s brand to within .03 with 95%
confidence.
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Find the sample size. 1.96 p̂(1 p̂)
n
Solution .03
W = .03; 1 - a = .95,
therefore a/2 = .025, Since the sample has not yet
been taken, the sample proportion
so z.025 = 1.96
is still unknown.
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1.96 .5(1 .5) 2
n 1,068 1.96 .2(1 .2)
.03 n 683
.03
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Further developments
Differences between two means
Differences between two proportions
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