Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hardware
by
Kudang B. Seminar, PhD
5/8/2019
1
Copyright 1996-98 © Dale Carnegie & Associates, Inc.
Abacus
• An abacus is a calculator used first by the Chinese
since about 500 BC, for addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division, as well as fractions and
square root.
• The inventor is unknown. However, the abacus as
we know it today did not appear in China until about
1200 A.D.
• Contests have been held between users of the
Japanese abacus and an electric calculator.For
addition and subtraction the abacus user was much
faster than the calculator user, but for multiplication
and division the advantage of the abacus was less
decisively demonstrated.
ABC (Atanasoff & Berry Computer) 1939, Iowa Univ.
Consisting of 11 Vacuum Tubes
•Vacuum Tubes
• Berfungsi
sebagai
penguat,
pengubah,
dan pencipta
sinyal elektrik
• Banyak
dipakai di
peralatan
komunikasi
seperti radio,
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And
Computer) 1946, Pennsylvania Univ.
Consisting of 17,468 vacuum tubes
EDSAC (Elecronic Delay Storage Automatic
Calculator/Computer) 1949, Cambridge University
Uses: Vacuum Tubes
MARK I Computer 1949 – Consisting of
1300 Vacuum Tubes
I/O Devices: Saklar, pita dan pencetak
• I/O (Input/Output)
devices
• Processor
• Memory
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I/O Devices
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Input Devices pada Pemetaan Digital
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Pengolahan Citra & Digitisasi Peta
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Output Devices Pada Pusat Informasi Geografis
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Kriteria Pemilihan I/O Devices
• Kecepatan (Speed)
• Kemudahan (Ease of Use)
• Keandalan (Reliability)
• Obyektivitas & Akurasi
• Kesesuaian dengan jenis data
• Durasi (endurance)
• Kompatibilitas
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Identification of Crop Canopy Area Using Camera
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GREENHOUSE PROTOTYPE
08/05/2019
Dies Natalis IPB 2001 28
SENSORS WITH IN
GREENHOUSE
08/05/2019
Dies Natalis IPB 2001 29
Temperature & Humidity Control
30 5
Voltage
Temperature 3.75
20
2.5
Temperature
10
1.25 Set point
Voltage
0 0
0 300 600 900 1200
Humidity (%)
100 5
Time (seconds) Voltage (v)
80 3.75
60
2.5 Humidity
40
1.25 Set point
20
Voltage
0 0
0 100 200 300 400
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Dies Natalis IPB 2001 30
Time (seconds)
Light Intensity Control
7.5 5
4
Light Intensity
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Dies Natalis IPB 2001 32
Weed detection for site-specific
weed management
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Dies Natalis IPB 2001 33
•HALOGEN •INTEGRATING
•LAMP •CHOPPER •MONOCHROMATOR •SPHERE
•MOTOR
•CONT.
•AMP.
•DO
•COMPUTER •A/D
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Dies Natalis IPB 2001 35
BioSensors
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•Teknologi
•Sortasi •Sortasi dengan mesin skala besar
• Digunakan pada industri besar
• Komputerisasi, mata elektronik
untuk mengimbangi jumlah objek
yang sangat besar
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Processors
the device unit that performs data processing
Features:
• High speed: micro, mini, super computer
• Multiprocessors: support processor,
coupled processor, parallel processor
• Execution time: microsecond,
nanosecond, picosecond
• Speed measures: clock speed (Hz), MIPS
(Million Instructions Per Second), FLOPS
(Floating Point Operations per Second) 5/8/2019
38
Perkembangan awal Prosesor Intel
1971 1976
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Data acquisition & processing
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Produksi Peta
dengan Teknologi
SIG
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Profil suhu
Profil sumber air permukaan bumi
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Memory
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Memory Features
• Internal: higher speed, lower storage
capacity, volatile, expensive, required for
program execution, fully electronic
• External: lower speed, higher storage
capacity, non-volatile, cheaper, long-term
storage, mechatronic
• Measures: access speed & storage capacity
(MByte, GByte, TByte)
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Magnetic Disk Capacity
80%/year
100,000 3.5”
10,000 2.5”
8-14”
1,000 1.8”
MBytes
100
10
5.25”
1
80 84 88 92 96 00
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Storage Devices
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