Awareness Campaign on

DENGUE & DENGUE

HEMORRHAGIC FEVER
Presented By:
Corporate HSE Team
Dengue Virus

Dengue is a mosquito born infection which in recent year

has become major international public health concern.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), a potentially lethal

complication found first time in 1950’s in philipines and
Thailand.

The spread of Dengue is rapid in urban populations where

household water storage is common and where solid
waste disposal services are inadequate.
Transmission of Dengue Fever

Dengue virus is transmitted to human through the bites of

infective female Aedes mosquitoes.

Mosquitoes generally acquire virus while feeding on the blood

on an infected person.

After virus incubation for 8-10 days, an infected mosquito is

capable , during probing and blood feeding, of transmitting the
virus, to susceptible individuals for the rest of its life.

•Dengue transmitted by infected female mosquito

•Primarily a daytime feeder (appear during dawn & Desk)

•Lives around human habitation

•Lays eggs and produces larvae preferentially in artificial containers

Transmission Process
Life Cycle of a Mosquito
Symptoms of Dengue Fever

•Fever
•Headache
•Muscle and joint pain
•Nausea/vomiting
•Rash
•Hemorrhagic manifestations

Patients may also report other symptoms, such as itching and

aberrations in the sense of taste, particularly a metallic taste. In
addition, there have been reports of severe mouth dryness after
the acute phase of the illness.
1.The virus is inoculated into
humans with the mosquito
saliva.

2.The virus localizes and

replicates in various target
organs, for example, local
lymph nodes and the liver.

3.The virus is then released

from these tissues and
spreads through the blood to
infect white blood cells and
other lymphatic tissues.

4.The virus is then released

from these tissues and
circulates in the blood.
5.The mosquito ingests blood containing the virus.

6.The virus replicates in the mosquito midgut, the ovaries, nerve

tissue and fat body. It then escapes into the body cavity, and later
infects the salivary glands.

7.The virus replicates in the salivary glands and when the mosquito
bites another human, the cycle continues.
Transmission Illustration Diagram
Four Grades of DHF

Grade 1
Fever and nonspecific constitutional symptoms
Positive tourniquet test is only hemorrhagic manifestation

Grade 2
Grade 1 manifestations + spontaneous bleeding

Grade 3
Signs of circulatory failure (rapid/weak pulse, narrow pulse
pressure, hypotension, cold/clammy skin)

Grade 4
Profound shock (undetectable pulse and BP)
Preventions

• Keep your homes and offices protected against mosquitoes.

• Keep homes and offices airy, bright and safe from moisture.
• Fix nets on doors and windows.
• Wear full sleeves clothes.
• Use mosquito nets while sleeping.
• Don't leave the overhead tanks open & avoid using swimming pools.
• Don't keep water in containers for more than a week. Instead, empty them
every week, let them dry and then fill again.
• Don't let the water falling from the overhead tanks to accumulate permanently.
Instead dry it.
• Don't let the water accumulate in any case both inside or outside the home.
• Be mindful of your home's cleanliness.
• Keep the fence and hedge boundaries duly cut both inside and outside the
home, and spray over them with insecticides, particularly in the evening.
• Don't let the water stay all the time in the flower pots, gamias of plants. Instead
water them only in the morning every alternate day.
• The best way to fight dengue is through sustained cleanliness and sanitation.
 Programs to Minimize the Impact of Epidemics

•Education of the medical community

•Implementation of emergency contingency plan

•Education of the general population

Facts about Dengue Fever in Pakistan - 2011

First outbreak in Pakistan was in 1994 probably came from Thailand

and Malaysia.

Punjab is the most victimized province from Dengue fever.

Approx. 900 cases are reported daily in Lahore.

So far, over 9000 dengue cases have been reported in Lahore.

Sindh & Islamabad are 2nd and 3rd largest victimized ares of Pakistan.

In Karachi, total 1500+ cases has been reported.

World Health Organisation in response to a request made by the

director general health office had agreed to provide medicated bed nets
shortly.
Sri Lankan experts give serious advice on dengue
The team comprises doctors, clinical experts, epidemiologist, physicians and communication
specialists that is visiting Pakistan on the invitation of the Punjab government to make suggestions on
treating and controlling the dengue fever as Sri Lanka has an excellent experience of defeating it.

 Fumigation, being done officially or unofficially, can help overcome the

spread of ailment by just 15 per cent while preventive measures taken
by the community at homes can defeat it by 85 per cent.

 The experts said Sri Lanka has successfully grappled with the disease
over the past thirty years mainly by creating 100% public awareness.

 They said that the panic created in Pakistan has led to most deaths
because some affected who are already suffering from diabetes or
heart problems can't physically and psychologically bear the pressure
of the disease and collapse having cardiac arrest.

 They said effect of dengue would ease by October and would end in
December.
Efforts of Government Health Departments

•Government of Punjab had developed Punjab Health Line Project for

Dengue whose number is 0800-99000. Any person can take information
on by dengue by calling on it.

•The government has raised awareness for spraying. Article 144 is

implemented in Lahore for the prevention of dengue.

•The Chief Minister of Punjab, Mr. Shahbaz Sharif, had called a meeting
for this purpose. He had contacted with Dengue Special Mobile Team to
immediate recovery of this epidemic.

•Close liaison has been established with hospitals and National Institute of
Health (NIH), Islamabad in order to work in coordination. A separate team
comprising of a dispenser and a malaria worker has been deputed to
create awareness amongst general public who are visiting the
communities and advising them about the precautionary and preventive
measures against the diseases, he added.
Voluntary Actions
Khalid Book Depot-Lahore is voluntarily working free against
the spread of this epidemic. If any one wants to spray in his
community/home, please contact on this Number :
042-37223881

Message by Health Division - Sindh Government

Div. Of Health –Sindh/District/Town Administration teams are
spraying home to home to eradicate Dengue Fever.

Kindly Note: Only allow those teams who have gov. identification
cards.

To get assisstance Please contact on the following Numbers:

0321-2420780
0229240106
02199215970
Frequently Asked Questions:

Q1:How soon After Exposure do Symptoms appear:

Ans: Normally 4-6 days with a range of 3-14 days.

Q2: How is Dengue Diagnosed?

Ans: By blood test of followings
Platelets
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Virus Isolation

Q3: How is Dengue Treated?

Ans: There is no specific treatment. Maintenance of the circulating
fluid volume is the central feature of DHF case management. Use
lot of fresh juices e.g. Apple juice, pomegranate juice, Papaya
leaves syrup etc. are helpful in increasing platelets against fever.
Panadol and use of paracetamol is the only drug of choice to bring
down fever.
Q4: Can I get Dengue from another person?
Ans: It does not spread from person to person, but only spread by bites of
infected mosquitoes.

Q5: Can fever become dangerous?

Ans: Virus effects bone marrow, causes reduction of WBCs and platelets
and also damage to blood vessels.

Q6: When should a patient suffering from Dengue go to the hospital or

consult a doctor?
Ans: Right from the day of fever. Generally progress towards dengue
fever occur after 3-5 days of fever. At this time, fever has often come
down and we think it is recovering. Infact this is the most dangerous
period that requires high vigilance from care-givers.

Q7: Is there a vaccine to prevent dengue fever?

Ans: Yet, no vaccine available in the market, please avoid using any
vaccine.
Q8: Is dengue fever more serious in infants or pregnant women?
Ans: Dengue fever in infants is less serious and has no effects in
newborn. Pregnant mother can transfuse her blood for recovery of loss
plateplets.

“This is a challenge and can be overcome by a

comprehensive public awareness campaign”

For Urdu updates on Dengue Fever, Kindly check this website

http://www.columnpk.com/dengue-fever-in-urdu-symptoms-treatment-and-
precautions/
For WHO guidelines, Kindly check this website
http://www.denguevirusnet.com/guidelines.html
Hope You have a Nice &
Mosquito Bite Free Day