Seminar Coordinator

MR. BIRESHWAR DUTT MAJUMDAAR

DEPUTY DEAN
I.E.R.T. Prayaraj, U.P.
 GIS stands for Geographic Information System
A GIS is a computer system capable of capturing,
storing, analyzing, and displaying geographically
referenced information; that is, data identified
according to location.
Practitioners also define a GIS as including the
procedures, operating personnel, and spatial
data that go into the system.
Thus, a GIS can use combinations of mapped
variables to build and analyze new variables.
First developed in North America, particularly
the
U.S. and Canada in the mid-1960s
Previously been used in natural resources and
environmental research
The real world has a lot of spatial data
manipulation, analysis and modeling can be
effective
and efficiently carried out with a GIS
the neighborhood of the intended purchase of
house
Complexity of management
◦ due to the need to combine and process many
sets of data,
Intense competition
◦ the need to use technology in making decisions
and
strategy in the world of intense competition
•Data Acquisition and prepossessing
•Database Management and Retrieval
•Spatial Measurement and Analysis
•Graphic output and Visualization
Maximize the efficiency of planning and
decision making
• Provide efficient means for data distribution and
handling
• Elimination of redundant data base - minimize
duplication
• Capacity to integrate information from many
sources
• Complex analysis/query involving geographical
referenced data to generate
Facilities Management:
Locating underground pipes & cables, planning facility
maintenance, telecommunication network services
Environmental and Natural Resources Management:
Environmental impact analysis, disaster management
and mitigation
Street Network:
Locating houses and streets, car navigation, transportation
planning
Planning and Engineering:
Urban planning, regional planning, development of public
facilities
Land Information:
Taxation, zoning of land use, land acquisition
The art and science of obtaining information about an
object without physically contact between the object
and
sensor
◦ The processes of collecting information about Earth
surfaces and phenomena using sensors not in physical
contact with the surfaces and phenomena of interest.
◦ There is a medium of transmission involved i.e.
Earth’s
Atmosphere.
Agriculture
Forestry
Geology
Hydrology
Sea Ice
Land Cover & Land Use
Mapping
Oceans & Coastal Monitoring
Urbanization & Transportation
◦ Updating road maps
◦ Asphalt conditions
◦ Wetland delineation
Agriculture
◦ Crop health analysis
◦ Precision agriculture
◦ Compliance mapping
◦ Yield estimation
 Natural Resource Management
◦ Habitat analysis
◦ Environmental assessment
◦ Pest/disease outbreaks
◦ Impervious surface mapping
◦ Lake monitoring
◦ Hydrology
◦ Landuse-Landcover monitoring
◦ Mineral province
◦ Geomorphology
Scope
Crop acreage estimation
• Crop modeling for yield &
production
forecast / estimation
• Crop & Orchard monitoring
Benifits
• Timely availability of crop
statistics
for decision making & planning
• Crop growth monitoring
• Soil status monitoring
• Regular reports regarding total
area
under cultivation
Scope
• Satellite image based forest
resource mapping and updation
• Forest change detection
• Forest resource inventory
• GIS database development
Benifits
• Availability of baseline information
• Planning for aforestation strategies
• Futuristic resource planning
• Sustainability of environment
• Wild life conservation &
development for
recreation purpose
Expensive to build and operate!!!!
Measurement uncertainty can be large
Data interpretation can be difficult
need to understand theoretically how the
instrument is
making the measurements
need to understand measurement
uncertainties
need to have some knowledge of the
phenomena you
are sampling
Recent developments in remote sensing and GIS hold much promise to
enhance integrated management of all available information and the
extraction of desired information to promote sustainable agriculture and
development.
GIS is considered one of the important tools for decision making in
problem
solving environment dealing with geo-information.
Remotely sensed images can be used to identify nutrient deficiencies,
diseases, water deficiency or surplus, weed infestations, insect damage,
hail
damage, wind damage, herbicide damage, and plant populations.
Remote Sensing and GIS technology is very effective tool for suggesting
action plans /management strategies for agricultural sustainability of any
region.