ELECTROMAGNETIC

SPECTRUM

JUAN CARLOS ISAZA JACOME

BYRON CUBIDES ROMERO
DUVAN REYES SAENZ
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Summary
2. Theoretical framework
3. Development of the topic
4. Conclusions
5. Bibliography
 SUMMARY

The electromagnetic spectrum is a great intangible natural wealth

that, like oil or mining, generates enormous amounts of money,
employment, technology, science, business and a multitude of
benefits throughout the world, but also, like oil and Mining generates
the usual monopolies in its use in commercial exploitation.
Unfortunately, due to social ignorance of this "public good"
administered and controlled by the State, we simply passed it
unnoticed, but we use it and it irradiates us daily.
 Theoretical framework

• The electromagnetic spectrum is the energy distribution

of the set of electromagnetic waves. Referring to an object
is called electromagnetic spectrum or simply spectrum to
electromagnetic radiation that emits (emission spectrum)
or absorbs (absorption spectrum) a substance. Said
radiation serves to identify the substance analogously to a
fingerprint. The spectra can be observed through
spectroscopes that, in addition to allowing the spectrum
to be seen, allow measurements to be made on it, such as
the wavelength, frequency and intensity of the radiation.
 Development of the topic

The electromagnetic spectrum extends from the radiation of shorter wavelengths, such as
gamma rays and X-rays, passing through ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared rays, to
electromagnetic waves of longer wavelength, such as radio waves.
SPECTRUM ENERGY RANGE:
The electromagnetic spectrum covers very varied wavelengths. There are
frequencies of 30 Hz and less that are relevant in the study of certain nebulae.
On the other hand frequencies close to 2.9 × 1027 Hz are known, which have
been detected coming from astrophysical sources.
The electromagnetic energy at a particular wavelength λ (in vacuum) has an
associated frequency f and a photon energy E. Therefore, the electromagnetic
spectrum can be expressed equally in any of those terms. They are related in
the following equations:
BANDS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM:
RADIOFREQUENCY
 MICROONDAS:

It should be noted that the frequencies between 1 GHz and 300 GHz are called
microwaves. These frequencies cover part of the UHF range and the entire range
of SHF and EHF. These waves are used in numerous systems, such as multiple data
transmission devices, radars and microwave ovens.
 INFRARED:

• The infrared waves are in the range of 0.7 to 100 micrometers. Infrared radiation is
usually associated with heat. They are produced by bodies that generate heat,
although sometimes they can be generated by some light-emitting diodes and some
lasers.
• The signals are used for some special communications systems, such as astronomy
to detect stars and other bodies in which heat detectors are used to discover
moving bodies in the dark. They are also used in the remote controls of televisions
and other devices, in which a transmitter of these waves sends an encoded signal to
the television receiver.
 VISIBLE SPECTRUM:

• Above the frequency of infrared radiation is what is commonly called

light, a special type of electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in
the range of 0.4 to 0.8 micrometers.
 ULTRAVIOLET:

Ultraviolet light covers the range from 4 to 400 nm. The Sun is an important source of rays
in this frequency, which causes skin cancer at prolonged exposures. This type of wave is
not used in telecommunications; its applications are mainly in the field of medicine.
 X-RAYS:

• The term X-ray designates an electromagnetic radiation, invisible, able

to pass through opaque bodies and to impress photographic films. The
wavelength is between 10 to 0.01 nanometers, corresponding to
frequencies in the range of 30 to 30,000 PHz (from 50 to 5,000 times
the frequency of visible light).
 GAMMA RAYS:
Gamma radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation usually produced by
radioactive elements or subatomic processes such as the annihilation of an
electron-pair. This type of radiation of such magnitude is also produced in
astrophysical phenomena of great violence.
 DOPPLER EFFECT

• When analyzing the electromagnetic spectrum of the light of a star or

galaxy, you can see in it a redshift or a blue shift, that is, the visible
colors move towards one end or the other of the visible spectrum.
 CONCLUSIONS
• *Dangers of electromagnetic radiation: The region of gamma rays and X-rays is the most energetic
and is capable of causing severe damage to cells. Gamma rays can be derived from radioactive
substances and since they are very penetrating, you have to take care when the doses are very high.
• * All ionizing radiations, plus UV-visible and infrared in large quantities are produced in nuclear
explosions, nuclear tests in the atmosphere being very dangerous and harmful. In the case of
nuclear war, since we will all be dead, these considerations would no longer be relevant.
• * There is a lot of controversy about the use of cell phones (which are communicated by
microwaves) and the appearance of brain tumors in young people. Likewise, prolonged exposure to
radio waves (or waves produced by electrical high-voltage lines) has been argued to produce cancer
or leukemia. There are no definitive studies to clarify this debate.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• *http://lacienciaysusdemonios.com/2010/04/13/el-espectro-
electromagnetico-i-introduccion/
• * http://es.scribd.com/doc/77413404/Espectro-Electromagnetico-y-
Sus-Aplicaciones#scribd
• * http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espectro_electromagn%C3%A9tico