Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences

and Research

IMPRESSION TECHNIQUES FOR 
IMPLANT SUPPORTED PROSTHESIS

PRESENTED BY:
Gurpreet singh
Batch 2016
 INTRODUCTION

The recording of impression in implant treatment

requires great precision as the implants are
essentially rigid and incapable of orthodontic
movement. Thus inaccuracies in recording the
impression will result in a poorly fitting
prosthesis and high stresses ,both in the
superstructures and in the bone around the
implant.
 The impression must also record the
relationship of the implants to the adjacent soft
tissue and functional sulci so as to aid in
visualizing the final outcome and assist in the
positioning of the teeth and gumwork on the
prosthesis
 Impression is defined as

A NEGATIVE LIKENESS OR COPY IN REVERSE OF THE SURFACE OF

AN OBJECT; AN IMPRINT OF THE TEETH AND ADJACENT
STRUCTURES…

Primary reasons for making an impression is to

transfer the internal relationship of the abutments to
a plaster model
Impression procedures for
partially edentulous
Impression procedures for
edentulous patient
 Remove the healing caps with the
internal hexagon screw driver.

 Rinse off debris and clean the area

around abutment.

 Place the tapered impression copings

using the frictional fit screw driver.

 Select the appropriate size stock tray normally
used for natural dentition .
 The edentulous stock trays do not provide space
for impression copings.

 Make alginate impression

 Inspect the impression for accurate reproduction

of impression copings and rinse saliva from the
impression
 Connect abutment replicas to each

tapered impression copings

 Slip each replica coping unit into the

impression

 Use gentle vibration when pouring the

impression.
 Recover the cast and remove the
impression copings

 Completed diagnostic cast

 Connect the square impression copings

with the medium or long length guide
pins
 Block out the impression copings with
two thickness of base plate wax.

 Be certain to leave the heads of the

guide pins exposed

 Lubricate the cast and adapt tray resin

on the cast
 Make a full arch custom tray and
leave the heads of the guide pins
exposed

 Enlarge the guide pin access holes

to approximately 5.0mm in
diameter.

 Finish the tray borders.

 Remove the healing caps and connect
the square impression coping with
medium guide pins.

 Try in the tray to verify

intraorally.

 Inject impression material around

each impression coping and
surrounding tissues.
 Fill the impression tray with
remaining impression material.

 Seat the tray intraorally and wipe

excess impression material to expose
the guide pins.

 Inspect the impression for accuracy

and check for impression material
between impression copings and
abutment cylinders.
 Connect abutment replicas to
each impression coping

 Bead the impression and use a

two pour technique

 After completing the second pour

and the stone has set, unscrew
the guide pins.
 Separate the cast from the impression

 Trim and complete the master cast.

SPLINTING OF IMPLANTS
 Implants can be splinted before making 
impression for additional stability.
 Materials used: autopolymerizing acrylic resin, 
impression plaster, bars or most commonly used 
pattern resin.
 Pattern resin is applied on floss tied to the 
impression coping and impression is made with 
open tray technique.
 ABUTMENT LEVEL IMPRESSION
Following confirmation from the radiograph of complete

seating they are then definitively secured by tightening

the retaining screws with a torque device.

Incorrect seating may be due to

 There are two different methods available to
record abutment impression

 Pick up impression coping technique at

abutment level

 Reseating technique.
 Take the impression using an
Push the impression elastomeric impression material
cap in an apical (polyvinyl or polyether rubber).
direction until it Apply impression material around
clicks onto the the abutment and impression cap
abutment to ensure a complete impression is
taken.

Once the material is cured,

carefully remove the impression
from the patient’s mouth.
The impression cap remains in the
impression material.
The impression is now ready to be
used to create a model.
RESEATING TECHNIQUE.


 Where lack of space makes access to the screw retained

copings impossible, a non retentive, usually a tapered copings

may be employed.

 This utilizes a one piece machined impression coping, which

screws directly on the abutment and remains in the mouth

when the impression is removed it is then unscrewed from

the abutment and reseated in the impression.

 This must be done carefully, as it is a common source of

inaccuracy if care is not taken and the copings incorrectly

seated.
Single tooth impressions
 Single tooth impression can be divided into

 Implant head

 Abutment level impression

Impression of preformed machined abutment

Impression of

preparable abutments 
 IMPRESSION OF IMPLANT HEAD
 Most implant system provides a premachined
impression coping for recording an
impression of the head of the implant.

 This is usually made up of two pieces; the

impression coping and the guide pin. The
impression coping seats directly on to the
implant head and is retained with the guide
pin.
 A polymeric standard stock
tray may be used and modified
so that the guide pin projects
beyond the adjacent teeth
through the impression tray.
 when set, the guide screw is
loosened and the impression
tray is removed from the
mouth with the coping picked up
in the impression.
IMPRESSION OF PREFORMED
MACHINED ABUTMENT
 Following removal of healing abutment,
measurement from the head of the implant
to the margin of the mucosal cuff will help
determine the height of the final abutment
to be use in the restoration
 The objective is to produce a submucosal
margin of 1.5 -2mm from the crest of the
gingival tissue and to provide sufficient
interocclusal distance from the top of the
abutment to the opposing tooth.
 A long cone periapical radiograph may be
taken to ensure correct placement of the
definitive abutment
 An impression is taken using a machined

plastic or metal impression coping that

is placed over the abutment.

A stock tray is used & modified so that the

impression coping projects beyond the

adjacent teeth & through the impression

tray.
 A polyvinyl silicone or polyether

impression material can be used

 After setting, the impression tray is

removed ,the impression coping picked up

in the impression
IMPRESSION OF PREPARABLE ABUTMENTS 

 Preparable abutments are usually supplied

in various materials such as alumina,

zirconium and titanium.

 The manufacturer typically supplies these

as stock shaped abutments, which can be

placed directly on the implants and

modified by the clinician in the mouth.

 The technique of preparing them is similar to traditional

crown and bridge techniques.

 Preparation can be carried out directly in the mouth.

 This will allow the margins of the abutment to follow

the gingival contour.

 Utilizing standard crown and bridge principle, an

impression can be recorded of the prepared abutments

directly in the mouth.

CONCLUSION
 Measurable distortion results from the transfer of
implant positions as recorded with various impression
techniques
 The magnitude of the distortion is similar with the
different techniques
 In addition to dimensional changes in the materials used,
positional errors are also attributed to the mechanical
components used in the transfer process.
REFERENCES

Color atlas and text of – dental and maxillofacial implantology

mosby-wolfe John A Hobkrick, Roger M Watson

“Color atlas of dental medicine implantology” Theime Publishers.

Hubertus Spiekermann

Dental implant prosthetics" Mosby. Carl E. Misch

“Dental implants the art and science” W.B. Saunder

Charles Babbush
“Implant dentistry” 2nd edition, Mosby. Carl E. Misch

Implants in dentistry. Saunders Michael, John Kent ,Luis

Introducing dental implants Churchill Livingstone John A

Hobkrick Roger M Watson

Osseointegration and occlusal rehabilitation”

Quintessence Publishing.- Hobo, Ichida, Garcia