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Artificial Natural
Subclinical Trans-
Toxoid Homologous
Infection placental
Clinical
Live Vacc Heterologous
Infection
Killed vacc
IMMUNITY
Ab Titre
20 40 60
Days After First Injection
THE IMMUNE RESPONSE:
A. Humoral Immunity:
This type of immunity is due to circulating Abs (Gamma -
globulin's also called immunoglobulins).
It is a major defense against bacterial infections.
On stimulation, B-lymphocytes divide and its daughter
cells are transformed into plasma-cells.
The latter secrete the Abs into the circulation.
to the newborn.
immune response.
(passive immunization).
In 1979G/1399H the vaccination against certain
childhood diseases became obligatory secondary to
the issue of a Royal Decree which dictated the
sustain of birth certificates until the completion of the
primary series of vaccination against:
4-6 years DTP, OPV Second booster dose of DTP and OPV;
preferably at or before school entry.
* This schedule for active immunization has been recommended by the
Immunization Practices Advisory Committee, Ministry of Health in 1991.
Table (2): Recent schedule for Vaccination of Newborns in Saudi Arabia.( Jan. 2002-Jan.2008)
• OPV
4 - Months
• [ DTP, HepB, Hib ]
• OPV,
6 - Months
• [ DTP, HepB , Hib ]
• Measles ( mono )
9 - Months
• OPV ,MMR
12 - Months
• Varicella
• OPV
18 - Months
• DTP, Hib
• Hepatitis (A)
24 - Months
• Hepatitis (A)
4 - 6 Years
• OPV,DTP, MMR, Varicella.
Table 4: Certain available vaccines and their routes of administration.
P = inactivated bacteria
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