Is there any difference??

 Average weather over

 Daily conditions,
a long period
including temperature
 Influenced by slow
and rainfall
changes in the ocean,
 Can change very
the land, the orbit of
the Earth about the rapidly from day to
sun, and the energy day, and from year to
output of the sun year.
 Changes involve shifts
 Fundamentally
controlled by the in temperatures,
balance of energy of precipitation, winds,
the Earth and its and clouds.
atmosphere
 CLIMATE CHANGE = EXTREME CHANGE IN CLIMATE
attributable directly to human activity that alters the
composition of the global atmosphere and which is in
addition to natural climate variability observed over
comparable time periods.

GLOBAL WARMING
(Increase in Green House Gasses)

GLOBAL WARMING
(Increase in Global Temperature)

CLIMATE CHANGE
GLOBAL WARMING
2000
What is global warming?
Global warming refers to the increase in the earth’s
mean temperature as a result of enhanced greenhouse
effect. • global average air
temperature
increased by
0.74°C from 1906
to 2005
Strong temperature
increase since 1975
(unprecedented
 Global warming is a type of climate change, wherein an
increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near-
surface and oceans occur. The average temperature of the
Earth’s atmosphere is 59ºF. However, with the increasing
concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the
average surface temperature has risen to about one degree
Fahrenheit in the 20th century. The Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change (IPCC) projected an increase of Earth’s
average surface temperature to be between 2.5 and 10.4ºF
between 1990 and 2100.
 The greenhouse effect is a natural process wherein the
heat or energy coming from the sun is prevented to escape
the earth’s atmosphere. If these gases are not present and
do not trap the heat from the sun, the earth’s average
temperature would be zero ºF, a freezing point, that makes
the earth not livable at all.

However, excessive emissions of greenhouse gases

due to human activities, trapped more heat than what the
Earth needs, thus causing a phenomenon known as global
warming.
 Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

◦ drastic increase in CO2 emission

within the last 30 years is caused by
the burning of fossil fuels, which has
been identified as the major reason
for temperature change in the
atmosphere

◦ more than 80% of the world-wide

energy demand is currently supplied
by fossil fuels such as coal, oil, or
natural gas.

◦ the demand for energy increases

due to various developments.
 Methane

◦ methane is 20 times more effective as

CO2 at trapping heat in the
atmosphere

◦ methane molecules can survive in the

atmosphere for 10 years.

◦ derived from sources, such as rice

paddies, bovine flatulence, bacteria in
bogs and fossil fuel production

◦ produced when vegetation is burned,

digested or rotted with no oxygen
present.
• Nitrous Oxide
– commonly known as “laughing gas”

– sometimes used as anesthetic

– naturally produced by oceans and

rainforests

– man-made sources: nylon and nitric acid

production, use of fertilizers, cars with
catalytic converters, and burning of
organic matter

– Nitrous Oxide is broken down in the

atmosphere by chemical reactions that
involve sunlight.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

– Found in: refrigerators,

air conditioners,
aerosols, etc.

– a CFC molecule is
100,000 times more
effective in trapping heat
than a CO2 molecule

– CFC molecules can

survive in the
atmosphere for 110 years
1. CFC’s are released and rise to the atmosphere
2. Sunlight breaks down the CFC’s releasing Atomic
Chlorine
3. Atomic Chlorine destroys the ozone
4. Increasedultraviolet rays reach the Earth’s
surface, raising the risk of skin cancer and other
dangerous consequences.
 Increasing levels of GHGs
in the atmosphere make
for a warmer world leading
to abrupt changes in
Greenhouse gases
climate!
(GHGs) trap heat from
the sun to keep the
Earth warm.

Methane
Nitrous Oxide
CO2
Carbon Dioxide N2O CO2 CO2 HFCs
CH4 NO2 N2O
CO2 CO2 CH4 CH4
N2O PFCsHFCs
CH SF6CO2
CO2 4 CH4
CO2CO2 SF6CO2
SF6
CO2CO SF6
2
H2O HFCs

PFCs

The Greenhouse Effect

Water vapor
 Some of the infrared
radiation passes
Some solar through the
radiation is atmosphere and is lost
reflected by the in space
atmosphere and
the earth’s surface

Solar radiation
Some of the infrared radiation is
passes through absorbed and re-emitted by the
the clear greenhouse gas molecules. The
atmosphere direct effect is the warming of
the earth’s surface and the
troposphere
Surface gains more heat
and infrared radiation is
emitted again.

Solar energy is absorbed by the

Earth’s surface and warms it….. …. and is converted into heat causing
the emission of longwave (Infrared)
radiation back to the atmosphere.
The oceans cover about 70% of
the Earth’s surface. Their large
mass and thermal properties
enable them to store vast
quantities of heat.The atmosphere
and the ocean exchange energy
and matter.
Land covers 27% of the Earth’s
surface and land topography
influences weather patterns.
Melting Down… glacier melt
Large-scale food and water shortage
increased flooding from sea
pressures on natural resources and environment, thus
affecting sustainable development
Extinction of million species from disappearing habitats,
changing ecosystems and acidifying oceans
increase of endemic morbidity and mortality due to
water-borne diseases or water-related diseases
increase in coastal water temperature will worsen the
abundance and toxicity of cholera.
Bleaching or die-off of coral reefs as water
temperature rises
Upsurge of extreme heat events such as wildfires, heat
waves and strong tropical storms (attributed in part to
climate change by some experts).
 VISITED BY AVERAGE
20 TYPHOONS
EVERY
QUEENIE YEAR
REMING

HIGHLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO TYPHOONS –

LOCATED WITHIN PACIFIC TYPHOON BELT AREA
PAENG
32,400 Kilometers, Longest Coastline
 We have pumped enough greenhouse gases
into the atmosphere to warm the planet for
many decades to come,

 The EARTH’s natural system will be affected

for decades even if GHG emissions are
reduced NOW.
 Created the Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change
in May 1991
 Signed the UNFCCC on June 1992 and ratified it on
August 2, 1994
 Signed the Kyoto Protocol on April 15, 1998 and ratified
it on November 20, 2003
 Designated the DENR as the National Authority for CDM
on June 25, 2004 by virtue of Executive Order No. 320
 Issued DENR Adm. Order 2005-17 last August 2005 on
the Implementing Rules and Regulations Governing E.O.
320
 Creation of the Presidential Task Force on Climate
Change (Administrative Order No. 171 – 20 February
2007) pursuant to EO 774 issued on 26 Dec 2008
 PGMA issued Executive Order No. 785 mandating
the Presidential Task Force on Climate Change to
develop the National Climate Change
Framework…(February 26, 2009)
R. A NO. 8749 – Philippine Clean Air Act

RA 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste

Management Act
R. A NO. 9637 – BIOFUEL ACT

MANDATORY MIXING IN THE FOLLOWING AMOUNT:

• 1% BIODIESEL IN PETRODIESEL AND 5%

ETHANOL IN GASOLINE FOR FIRST 4 YEARS.

•2% BIODIESEL IN PETRODIESEL AND 1O%

ETHANOL IN GASOLINE AFTER 4 YEARS.
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9729
AN ACT MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE
CHANGE INTO GOVERNMENT POLICY
FORMULATIONS, ESTABLISHING THE
FRAMEWORK STRATEGY AND
PROGRAM ON CLIMATE CHANGE,
CREATING FOR THIS PURPOSE THE
CLIMATE CHANGE COMMISSION, AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES
 PREVENT/MINIMIZE LOSS OF LIVES, DAMAGE
TO PROPERTIES AND ENSURE FOOD SECURITY
ADAPTATION MEASURES

STRATEGIES/MEASURES

UPGRADE CAPABILITIES TO ANTICIPATE

CHANGES IN WEATHER (FORECASTING) &
IMPROVE CLIMATE PROFILE (DATA BASE)
 ADAPTATION MEASURES
STRATEGIES/MEASURES

DEVELOP EFFECTIVE EARLY WARNING

& DISASTER RESPONSE SYSTEMS TO
FOREWARN COMMUNITIES OF DANGERS
ADAPTATION MEASURES

STRATEGIES/MEASURES

ENHANCE LGU CAPABILITIES FOR

DISASTER PREVENTION &
MANAGEMENT
 ADAPTATION MEASURES
STRATEGIES/MEASURES

DETERMINE AREAS & ECOSYSTEMS/

SPECIES MOST VULNERABLE TO
NATURAL HAZARDS THRU GEO-HAZARD
MAPPING, HYDRODYNAMIC & RESILIENCY
ASSESSMENT
 ADAPTATION MEASURES
STRATEGIES/MEASURES

STRENGTHEN PROTECTION OF
VULNERABLE AREAS:

• ESTABLISH PROTECTION AREAS

CRITICAL ECOSYSTEMS & SPECIES
& IMPLEMENT PROTECTION MEASURES
(E.G., BUFFER & SETBACK ZONES,
MANGROVE PLANTATION, ETC.)

• RATIONALIZE LAND-USE TO PLAN SETTLEMENTS

AWAY FROM DANGER ZONES

EL NIDO TAYTAY MANAGED

RESOURCE PROTECTED AREA Verde Passage
ADAPTATION MEASURES
STRATEGIES/MEASURES

EXPAND CAPACITIES OF RIVER

BASINS (THRU DREDGING,
RIVER BANK STABILIZATION,
ETC.) & STRICTLY REGULATE
UTILIZATION

PROTECT WATER AQUIFER

THRU STRICT REGULATION
OR BANNING OF GROUND-
WATER EXTRACTION
 ADAPTATION STRATEGIES

STRATEGIES/MEASURE

EXPAND VEGETATION COVER

EO 26, 2011 – P-NOY : NATIONAL GREENING PROGRAM

TO PLANT 1.5 BILLION TREES IN A 1.5 MILLION
HECTARES LAND
PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY:
We can make a
difference…
Changing climate,

changing attitudes….
 Read and share what we have learned
about climate change

 Save electricity
◦ turn off lights and electric appliance
when not in use
◦ use more energy efficient electric
appliances
◦ use compact fluorescent bulbs (CFLs)
that last 4 times longer and use just
1/4 of the electricity compared to
incandescent bulbs
 Plant trees in your neighborhood and look
after them. Trees absorb carbon dioxide
from the air.
 Take the bus, ride a bike or walk; maximize the
use of public transport systems.

 Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and

newspapers. When you recycle, you help save
natural resources.

 Generate as little trash as possible, because

trash in landfill sites emit large quantities of
methane, and if burned, carbon dioxide is
released.

 Reduce on the use of non-renewable sources of

energy and increase in the use of renewable
energy sources such as solar, hydro, and wind
energy.
Act Now
Buy energy-efficient appliances. Make informed choices
C alculate, your personal carbon footprints and cut your greenhouse gas
Emissions.
Debate, Discuss and distribute leaflets, brochure and poster on climate
change and environmental health issues.
Enjoy the sun
Fridge doors...don’t leave open longer than necessary.
Go green
Half of emissions by adjusting your aircon thermostat.
Involve your family, friends, children and neighbours!
Join an environment group
Kick start an environmental campaign in your neighbourhood
Lamps : replace with compact fluorescents
Minimized the used of high-energy consuming appliances
and equipment

Network with specialized agencies, non-profit organizations and involved

communities.

Off! Turn off televisions, videos, stereos and computers when not in use.
Plant trees.
Quit excessive use of plastic bags. Carry your own bag with you when
going shopping.
Recycle, repair and reuse materials.
Save paper. Print on both sides of the paper.
Travel smart: reduce air travel.
Use less energy, and conserve more of it! Do not waste water.
Value wastes! Do not dump your home wastes everywhere. Segregate.
Write letters about the health impacts of climate change tothe local
newspaper.
X press your concerns on environmental health issues and
solutions and stay informed.
Your president, lawmakers, governors, mayors or local leaders
need to know about the impacts of climate change on health.

Zoom in reducing emissions: It is the best way forward!

PROTECT THE REMAINING VEGETATION
 Photosynthesis:

a process that converts carbon

dioxide into organic compounds,
especially sugars, using the energy from
sunlight.
 PHOTOSYNTHESIS
C
A
R
B O
O
N X
Y
D G
I
O E
X N
I
D
E
1. Trees provide green space screening and
habitat for wildlife.
2. Ameliorate noise and air pollution.
3. Provide aesthetic enhancement to what
could be a total asphalt and arid
environment.
4. Help conserve energy.
5. Provide economic benefit both
direct and indirect.
6. Modify microclimate
a. Their shading effect
b. Increasing long-wave radiation
c. Reducing wind speed
d. Intercepting rain
e. Cooling the air by evapo-transpiration
f. Possibly raising the humidity of
the air
7. Enhance biodiversity, thus promoting well
balance ecosystem.
8. Mitigate climate change.
9. Important in hydrologic cycle.
10. Plants control solar radiation
- reflect
- absorb heat from the sun
- transmit
 Be Part of the Solution

Help prevent flooding..

Clean your canals or

esteros or creeks..
BASURA- Follow RA 9003
Or ADOPT A WATERBODY
“ Angpag-igang sa kalibutan ug
pagka-usab sa klima usa ka
hagit nga kinahanglan
aksyonan sa lokal ug
nasudnong pangagamhanan.
Kitang tanan mag-ambahan
aron at0ng mapawala o
maibanan ang kakuyaw sa
epekto sa pagkausab sa atong
klima”.’
 Take the bus, ride a bike or walk
 Plant trees in your neighborhood and
look after them. Trees absorb carbon
dioxide from the air.
 Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and
newspapers. When you recycle, you
help save natural resources.
 Switch to cleaner fuels and energy-
efficient technologies.
• Do not burn
your waste

• Reuse and
recycle your
waste
 Generate as little trash as possible,
because trash in landfill sites emit
large quantities of methane, and if
burned, carbon dioxide is released.
 Reduce on the use of non-renewable
sources of energy and increase in the
use of renewable energy sources
such as solar, hydro, and wind
energy.
 Read and share what we have learned
about climate change.
 Save electricity
◦ turn off lights and electric appliance
when not in use.
◦ use more energy efficient electric
appliances.
◦ use compact fluorescent bulbs that
last 4 times longer and use just 1/4
of the electricity.
◦ use sodium vapor lights for street
lighting.
 GENESIS IN REVERSE

In the beginning was the earth.

It was beautiful. And humans lived upon the
earth, and humans said: “Let us build skyscrapers
and expressways”. And humans covered the earth
with steel and concrete. And humans said,
“It is good”.
 GENESIS IN REVERSE

On the second day, humans looked upon the

clear blue waters of the earth. And humans said: “Let
us dump sewage and wastes into the waters”. And
humans did.
The waters became dark and murky
And humans said: “It is good”.
 GENESIS IN REVERSE

On the third day, humans gazed at the forests of

the earth. They were tall and green. And humans
said: “Let us cut the trees and build things for
ourselves”. And humans did. And the forest grew
thin. And humans said: “It is good”.
 GENESIS IN REVERSE

On the fourth day, humans saw the animals leaping

in the fields and playing in the sun. And humans
said: “Let us trap the animals for money and shoot
them for sport”. And humans did.
And the animals became scarce. And humans said:
“It is good”.
 GENESIS IN REVERSE

On the fifth day, humans felt the cool breeze in

his nostrils, And humans said: “Let us burn our
refuse and let the wind blow away the smoke and
debris”. And humans did. And the air became
dense with smoke and carbon. And humans said:
“It is good”.
 GENESIS IN REVERSE

On the sixth day, humans saw

many kinds of people on the
earth, different in race, color and
creed.
And humans feared and said: “Let
us make bombs and missiles in
case misunderstandings arise”.
And humans did. Missile sites
and bomb dumps checkered the
landscape. And humans said: “It is
good”.
 GENESIS IN REVERSE

On the seventh day, humans rested. And the earth

was quiet and deathly still. For humans was no more.
And it was good.
“ Angpag-igang sa kalibutan ug
pagka-usab sa klima usa ka
hagit nga kinahanglan
aksyonan sa lokal ug
nasudnong pangagamhanan.
Kitang tanan mag-ambahan
aron at0ng mapawala o
maibanan ang kakuyaw sa
epekto sa pagkausab sa atong
klima”.’
“ THOU SHALT INHERIT THE HOLY EARTH AS A
FAITHFUL STEWARD, CONSERVING ITS RESOURCES
AND PRODUCTIVITY FROM GENERATION TO
GENERATION. THOU SHALT SAFEGUARD THY FIELDS
FROM SOIL EROSION, THY LIVING WATERS FROM
DRYING UP, THY FOREST FROM DESOLATION AND
PROTECT THY HILLS FROM OVERGRAZING BY THY
HERDS, THAT THY DESCENDANTS MAY HAVE
ABUNDANCE FOREVER. IF ANY SHALL FAIL IN THIS
STEWARDSHIP OF THE LAND, THY FRUITFUL FIELDS,
SHALL BECOME STERILE STONY GROUND AND
WASTING GULLIES, AND THY DESCENDANTS SHALL
DECREASE AND LIVE IN POVERTY OR PERISH FROM
OFF THE FACE OF THE EARTH”.
Executive Order No. 26
On February 24, 2011 His Excellency, President
Benigno S. Aquino III issued Executive Order
(EO) No. 26 declaring the implementation of
National Greening Program (NGP).
The NGP works under a National Convergence
Initiative (NCI) composed of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (DENR),
the Department of Agriculture (DA), and the
Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) in
collaboration with all government agencies,
local government units (LGUs), people’s
organizations (POs), nongovernment
organizations (NGOs), and in partnership with
the private sector and civil society.
 The NGP seeks the attainment of
sustainable human development,
and economic and ecological
security.

 As a strategy, it aspires the

planting of some 1.5 billion trees
in around 1.5 million hectares of
public lands for six years, starting
 The NATIONAL GREENING
PROGRAM (NGP) is implemented in
pursuit of sustainable development
for poverty reduction, food security,
biodiversity conservation,
environmental stability and climate
change mitigation and adaptation.
 Section 2 of EO 26 species that the NGP shall
plant 1.5 billion trees covering 1.5 million hectares for
the period of six (6) years from 2011 to 2016 in the
following lands of public domain, namely:

Forestlands
Mangrove and protected areas
Ancestral domain
Civil and military reservations
Urban areas under the national greening plan of
the LGUs
Inactive and abandoned mine sites
Other suitable lands
NGP Plantations w/in Pantukan, ComVal
● CY 2011
Brgy. Kingking = 50 has./25,000 sdlgs.
Brgy. Las Arenas = 50 has./25,000 sdlgs

● CY 2012
Brgy. Araibo = 100 has./50,000 sdlgs.
Brgy. Kingking = 79 has./39,500 sdlgs
Brgy. Tagugpo = 62 has./31,000 sdlgs
● CY 2013
Brgy. Araibo = 71 has./35,550 sdlgs.
Brgy. Las Arenas = 50 has./25,000 sdlgs
Brgy. Tagugpo = 135 has./67,500 sdlgs
Brgy. Kingking = 50 has./25,000 sdlgs

● CY 2014
Brgy. Araibo = 50 has./24,900 sdlgs.
Brgy. Tagugpo = 193 has./99,500 sdlgs
● CY 2015
Brgy. Fuentes = 60 has./30,500 sdlgs.
Brgy. Magnaga = 60 has./30,500 sdlgs
Brgy. Tibagon = 60 has./30,500 sdlgs
Brgy. Kingking = 167 has./84,800 sdlgs
OTHER PROGRAMS:
● Agroforestry development under CBFM- CARP
Brgy. Las Arenas = 100 has. (2011 & 2014)
Brgy. Araibo = 150 has. (2011 & 2014)
● Mangrove rehabilitation
- Adopt-a-Mangrove project located at
Brgy. Bongabong, Pantukan, ComVal
- Mangrove tree planting
● Barangay Forest Program (BFP) located at Bgry. Las
Arenas = 20 has. Plantation & 1 unit seedling nursery
2011 Rubber Plantation at Las Arenas
2014 Cacao Plantation at Tagugpo
2012 Cacao Plantation at Kingking
2015 Cacao Plantation at Tibagon
2013 Falcata plantation at Tagugpo
2013 Cacao Plantation at Tagugpo