UNIT 12 - Incredible

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 Present Perfect
S + have/has+ past participle
I have/haven’t eaten
She has/hasn’t eaten
Past Perfect
S + had+ past participle

I had/hadn’t eaten
 Past Perfect
S + had+ past participle When+PS
Before+PS
9:00 pm I had dinner. By the time+PS
After+PP

10:00 pm I did homework.

I had had dinner when I did homework.
I had had dinner before I did homework.
I had had dinner by the time I did homework.
After I had had dinner, I did homework.
 Past Perfect
S + had+ past participle When+PS
Before+PS
8:00 pm The film started. By the time+PS
After+PP

8:10 pm I arrived.
The film had started when I arrived.
The film had started before I arrived.
The film had started by the time I arrived.
After the film had started, I arrived.
arrived Had been

Past Perfect

He didn’t arrive Did he arrive..?

She hadn’t been Had she been..?
try

have a go
take risks
have a laugh

take photographs

make money
make a promise
 Stunning
Amazing
Wonderful
Impressive
Awesome
marvellous
 Active Passive
S. Present My mother cleans the house everyday. The house is cleaned everyday by my mother.
S. Present S + v present form + C S + am/is/are + past participle + by……

Do/Does + S + Verb inf +complement? Am/is/are + S + past part + by…?

Does your mother clean the house? Is the house cleaned by your mother?

S. Past My mother cleaned the house yesterday. The house was cleaned yesterday by my mother
S. Past S + v past form + C S + was/were + past participle + by……

Did + S + verb inf + complement? Was/were + S + past participle + by…?

Did Christopher C discover America? Was America discovered by Christopher C.?
 Complement

Verb
Present What? When?
Subject simple object adverb of time
Simple Present
Active My mother cleans the house everyday.
The subject
The subject does the action
does the action

agent
What?
Simple Present object
Passive
The subject The house is cleaned by my mother.
receives the
S + am/is/are + past participle + by……
action

The subject receives the action

 Complement

Verb
Past What? When?
Subject simple object adverb of time
Simple Past
Active My mother cleaned the house everyday.
The subject did
The subject does the action
the action

agent

Simple Past
Passive
The subject The house was cleanedby my mother.
received the
S + was/were + past participle + by……
action

The subject receives the action

 were weren’t
it is it isn’t
Were Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t.
Is Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
Was Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t.
 rain
cloudy

wind storm

foggy
I will definitely retire by the age of sixty.

I don’t think I will retire by the age of sixty.

I think I will retire by the age of sixty.

I might retire by the age of sixty.

I will probably retire by the age of sixty.

I probably/definitely won’t retire by the age of sixty.

I won’t retire by the age of sixty.

I will definitely live and work in a foreign country.

I don’t think I will live and work in a foreign country.

I think I will live and work in a foreign country.

I might live and work in a foreign country.

I will probably live and work in a foreign country.

I probably/definitely won’t live and work in a foreign

country.
I won’t live and work in a foreign country.
I will definitely set up and run a company.

I don’t think I will set up and run a company.

I think I will set up and run a company.

I might set up and run a company.

I will probably set up and run a company.

I probably/definitely won’t set up and run a company.

I won’t set up and run a company.
I will definitely travel round the world.

I don’t think I will travel round the world.

I think I will travel round the world.

I might travel round the world.

I will probably travel round the world.

I probably/definitely won’t travel round the world.

I won’t travel round the world.
I will definitely write a famous song.

I don’t think I will write a famous song.

I think I will write a famous song.

I might write a famous song.

I will probably write a famous song.

I probably/definitely won’t write a famous song.

I won’t write a famous song.
I will definitely have five or more children.

I don’t think I will have five or more children.

I think I will have five or more children.

I might have five or more children.

I will probably have five or more children.

I probably/definitely won’t have five or more children.

I won’t have five or more children.