4.

2 Trigonometric Function:
The Unit circle
 The Unit Circle
A circle with radius of 1
Equation x2 + y2 = 1
0,1
cos , sin  

 1,0 
1,0

0,1
The Unit Circle with Radian Measures

2
 Do you remember 30º, 60º, 90º
triangles?
Now they are really! Important
 Do you remember 30º, 60º, 90º
triangles?
Now they are really! Important
Even more important
Let 2a = 1
 Do you remember 30º, 60º, 90º
triangles?
Let 2a = 1

3
Cos30 
2
1
Sin30 
2
Do you remember 30º, 60º, 90º
triangles?

1
Cos60 
2 1
3 3
Sin 60 
2

1
2
 Do you remember 45º, 45º, 90º
triangles?
When the hypotenuse is 1
The legs are 2
2

2 1
Cos 45  2
2 2
2
Sin 45 
2
2
2
 Some common radian
measurements
These are the Degree expressed in Radians
 
30  90 
6 2
 180  
45 
4 3
270 
 2
60 
3 360  2
The Unit Circle: Radian Measures and Coordinates

2
 The Six Trig functions
b adjacent
Cos   Sin
c hypotenuse Tan 
a opposite Cos
Sin  
c hypotenuse
a opposite
Tan  
b adjacent

1
Cos   Sec
cos
1
Sin   Csc
sin
1
Tan   Cot
tan
 Why does the book use “t” for an
angle?
Since Radian measurement are lengths of
an arc of the unit circle, it is written as if
the angle was on a number line.
Where the distance is “t’ from zero.

Later when we graph Trig functions it just

works better.
 2
Lets find the Trig functions if 
3

Think where this angle is on the unit circle.

 1 3   2  1
 ,  Cos 
 2 2 
 
 3  2

 2  3
2 Sin 
  3  2
3
3
 2 
Tan  2  3
 3  1
2
Sin
Tan 
Cos
 2
Find the Trig functions of 
3
Think where this angle is on the unit circle.
 2  1  2   2
Cos  Sec   2
 3  2  3  1

 2 
 2  2
3
Sin   2 3
 3  2 Csc  
 3  3 3

3
 2   2   1  3
Tan  2  3 Cot   
 3  1  3  3 3
2
 
How about 
4

   2
Cos 
 2 2
 
 4  2
 2 , 2 
 

    2
Sin 
 4  2

 2

  
  2  1
4
Tan
 4   2
 2  2
 
 2 , 2  2
 
 There are times when Tan or Cot
does not exist.
At what angles would this happen?
There are times when Tan or Cot does not exist.

 3 
 , 
2 2 
 If think of the domain of the trig
functions, there are some limits.
Look at the unit circle. If x goes with Cos,
then what are the possible of Cos?
It is the same with
Sin?
Definition of a Periodic Function
A function “f” is periodic if there exist a
positive real number “ c” such that
f(t + c) = f(t) for all values of “t”.

The smallest “c” is called the period.

 Even Function ( Trig. )
Cos (- t) = Cos (t) and Sec( -t) = Sec (t)

Also
Sin(-t) = -sin (t) and Csc (-t) = - Csc (t)

Tan(-t) = -Tan (t) and Cot(-t) = - Cot (t)

 Homework
Page 278- 279
#1, 5, 9, 13, 17,
21, 25, 29, 33,
37, 41, 45, 48,
52, 59, 68
 Homework
Page 278- 279
# 2, 8, 12, 16,
20, 24, 28, 32,
36, 40, 44, 49,
58, 61