Sculpture is created by either

carving, modeling or
assembling parts together. It
has three dimensions – height,
width and depth.
GENERAL KINDS OF SCULPTURE
 Free Standing
- a kind of sculpture that can independently stand in
space, has flat horizontal base.
 Relief
- does not have a flat horizontal base, the form is
projected from a flat surface. There are two types of
relief – low relief (bas relief) and high relief.
Assemblage
 This sculpture is formed by putting together materials
such as found objects, pieces of paper, sponges, wood
scraps and other materials
Kinetic Sculpture
 This is considered as a sculpture in motion because the
entire sculpture or some parts of the scultpure are
moving with the wind or are vibrating with the
surrounding air
Welded Sculpture
 It involves the process of connecting sheets of metal
together by using an acetylene or electric torch.
Use of Glass
 Ramon Orlina and Imelda Pilapil started the use of
glass in sculpture. Orlina used glass in in table pieces,
murals and sculptures that unified into framework.
Pilail used glass panels with irregular shape and linear
patterns.
Symbolic Sculpture
 A good example of sybolic sculpture is the
interpretation of Abdulmari Imao in okir design which
is Maranao design tradition that is typically used in
woodcarving. Imao produced four contemporary series
of the okir: the sarimanok, , the sari-mosque, the sari-
okir and calligraphic sculptures.
OTHER VISUAL ART FORMS THAT
CAN BE SEEN IN EVERY REGION
 Some of them used by people on a regular basis.
 Some can also be seen used by various companies and
offices.
Advertising Art
 This refers to using paid space or time in any of the
media to inform and influence the public. This is used
to encourage the public to patronize certain goods and
services or to support policies or persons. The
following can be used in advertising art: animation,
photography, computer-generated graphics, neon
signs, posters, mascots, total product improvement
and total corporate promotion.
Bamboo Art
 This refers to works made of bamboo that may be used
for everyday purposes or for decorations or ornaments.
Basketry
 This refers to the art of creating containers by weaving,
plaiting or braiding materials into hollow three-
dimensional shapes that can either be used for
carrying, storage and trapping animals.
Book Design
 It involves structuring and reproduction of bound
pages that are filled with text/images and are
protected by hard or soft covers.
Costumes
 These are the garments, hairstyles and accessories that
are worn by individual members of groups in a
particular society. These may vary according to class,
sex, age, civil status, occupation, rank and personal
taste of an individual.
Embroidery
 This refers to the art of stitching ornaments on cloth
by hand
Food Art
 This involves packaging/ or presentation of food in an
artistic way. This is different from Western garnishing
which involves adding decorative touches.
Furniture
 These are the decorative and functional objects which
are typically found in a public or private dwelling or
building.
Komiks and Editorial Cartoon
 It involves illustrations of stories or events. Editorial
cartoon is a single-frame illustration that either makes
fun of political leaders or institutions or comments on
current events. Komiks use single or multiple frames
with conversations of people or animals inside
“ballons”
Leaf Art
 Leaf art is used in religious rituals, food wrapping and
even as a form of modern artistic expression.
Mat Weaving
 This refers to the art of “plaiting strips of organic fibers
into mats”. These mats, locally known as banig, are
cool, light and portable compared to fixed beads.
Metalcraft
 This includes all objects made from metal using the
processes of brass casting and blacksmithing,
tinsmithing or goldsmithing and silversmithing.
Multimedia
 This consists of works that involve the use of other
senses in appreciating those works aside from the
sense of vision. (Conceptual art, Installation art,
performance art)
Paper Art
 This involves the processes of cutting, pasting,
recycling, and/or constructing of objects from paper.
Paper art used to be limited with folk paper art such as
taka and higante from Angono, parol, pastillas
wrappings and kites.
Personal Ornaments
 These are objects that are worn on the human body.
Jewelry falls under this form. These are worn either to
enhance a part of the body of the wearer, to exhibit ran
or status or to symbolize ritualistic and emotional
states.
Photography
 This refers to the process of producing images using a
light-sensitive chemical plate or film. Photographs are
taken to serve as portraits and as propaganda. It also
used to serve as documentation for travel and research,
covering events, advertising and fashion. And lastly, it
is highly useful as medium for an artist.
Pottery
 Pottery is a general term for decorative and useful
objects made from clay and set off at high
temperatures. This is frequently interchanged with
“ceramics”.
Printmaking
 This refers to transferring images from a firm surface
such as metal or wood, to a pliable surface, such as
cloth or paper using pressure. It involves making the
plate either by hand (of the artist) or mixed with
mechanical means. https://kinderart.com/art-lessons/printmaking/what-is-printmaking/
Tattoo Art
 This refers to a body adornment permanently engraved
on the skin using a sharp instrument and plant dyes or
links.
Textile Weaving
 This refers to the process of creating cloth by
interweaving a series of parallel vertical threads with
another series of horizontal threads at right angle.
Textile may be plain or decorated by dyes, embroidery
and applique.
 References:
Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions
Mutya Publishing
Wilson K. Panisan
Leslie B. Gazzingan
Gregorio L. Samar
Corie Chuza G. Boongaling

Prepared by:
Mariel E. Montealto, LPT
Assistant Instructor 1
AMA University
Quezon City, Philippines