Walls

INRODUCTION
• WALL VERTICLE PLANES THAT DEFINES AN ENCLOSURE TO
ANY SPACE
• WALL IS TO SUPPORT, DEFEND,BARICADE,SEPARATE THE
DIFFERENT SPACES
• Wall as design element.
• Walls according to load transfer.
• Walls according to their purpose.
• Walls according to shape.
• Spatial roles.
• Factors considering when planning walls.
• Types of wall material.
Wall as a design element
• They shape our rooms.
• Influence our moods.
• Define interior spaces.
• Shelter us from outside spaces.
• as a movement guide.
Spatial roles
• Walls for enclosing volume.
• Walls for subdivision of space.
• Walls as display and storage element.
• Walls as a movement guide.
• Walls as a communicator and encoder
of message
Enclosure of space

Storage element Wall for display

subdivision of space
Spatial roles
• Walls expand the space of the room
• Change the room’s dimension.
• Emphasize oddities.
• Adding texture emphasize the room.

Movement guide

Bhunga house emphasizing the space

Types of Walls
• Load Bearing walls support floors above and the roof.
• Partition or curtain walls are non-load bearing and do not
support anything. They act as space dividers
• Moveable walls: accordion walls and modular panels. If
space needs change often, you should consider using
moveable walls. Conference centers, office spaces, etc.
• Partial Walls: walls that are less than ceiling height, offer
visual privacy but not acoustical privacy. Provide ventilation.
• Spur/freestanding: walls that do not join adjacent wall at
both ends. IE: fireplaces in the center of rooms, walls behind
reception desks.
 Types of Walls

Moveable Walls Partition wall

Spur or Freestanding wall Load bearing wall

OADDITIES
1.Straight walls 2. Curved walls 3.Inclined walls
Factors to consider when planning walls:

• Degree of enclosure and privacy: opaque walls mean that

you can’t see thru them. Translucent means that you can see
thru the windows.
• Light qualities: Psychology of light. White reflects up to 89%
of light and black reflect about 2%. Texture also plays a role.
Smooth surfaces reflect more light that rough textures.
• Durability: the amount of time and money needed to
maintain the walls must be considered. This is your
responsibility when specifying a wall treatment to understand
your clients needs.
• Acoustics: smooth, hard surfaces reflect sound while soft,
porous surfaces absorb sound. Insulate wall cavities when
sound transmission is an issue.
• Thermal qualities: comfort and energy efficiency.
WALL FINISHES
• WALL FINISHES ARE DONE BY FOLLOWING TYPES :

1 . PAINTING
2 . CLADDING
3 . PANELLING
4 . WALLPAPER
TYPES OF FINISHES BY PAINTING

FLAT FINISH : has a mat surface EGG FINISH : it has a

very low shine like
shell of an egg

•SATIN FINISH :it has a TEXTURED FINISH :flat paint textured

very smooth & velvety roller or sponge to give a mottled effect
look with a little gloss.
CLADDING WOODEN
• STONES

• TILES ACP AND PVC PANELS

PANELLING
• PANNELLING IS DONE ON A WALL SURFACE TO GIVE A DURABLE
• PATTERNED FINISH WITH THE HELP OF VARIOUS MATERIALS.

Material for paneling

• wooden panels or wooden ply
• laminated boards in wooden frame
• pvc boarding
• laminates,
• mirror in wooden or aluminum frame
• fabrics in wooden frame or particle boards
EXPOSED SURFACES

• Pointing in brick work

• Exposed concrete wall masonry
• glass brick wall
WALLPAPER

Wallpaper is a kind of material used to cover and decorate the interior walls of
spaces it is one aspect of interior decoration.
TYPES OF WALL MATERIALS
 Plaster:

An old technique in which plaster is applied over the wallboard or concrete

block using a lath. Textures range from smooth to stucco. This technique is
almost a lost trade and is not used in new homes. It often chips and cracks
as a house settles over the years.
Gypsum Wallboard - Drywall

Gypsum wallboard is the most commonly used material to cover walls in interior
projects. It has evolved into a versatile, dependable material that is quick to
install and easy to repair. Made from a natural crystallized mineral, wallboard is
naturally fire resistant and can also act as a sound barrier. Gypsum board of 4’
wide sheets x 8’, 9’, or 10’ high is attached directly to the stud walls. The joints
are taped, spackled and sanded so the seams do not show. Texture may be
applied or various other finish techniques. Note: Sheetrock is brand name but
used as a generic term.
Wood

Wood comes in the form of paneling, plank (such as flooring), and veneer, etc. It
provides warmth and is a good insulator but it tends to fade and is flammable.
As a designer, you must verify code compliance before installing it in commercial
applications.
Concrete Block
Also known as Concrete Masonry Unit
(CMU), concrete block is a very common
building material for the load-bearing walls
of buildings, in what is termed "concrete
block structure" (CBS) This type of
construction is very affordable and often
found in commercial and institutional
applications or as part of a residential
foundation.
Tile
Can be installed one tile at a
time or in sheets held
together with a mesh like
backing. Tile provides easy
maintenance, they are water
impervious (required in
public restrooms), but can
create noisy interiors. They
also can crack and chip.
 Israeli architect
Ranaan Stern
turned a 15-
square-metre
room inside an
apartment in Tel
Aviv into a full
artist's studio
with two desks,
36 drawers,
modular storage
Japanese architect Kengo Kuma used compartments,
layers of wooden board to create pegboard
striated interiors in a cafe and an display walls and
information centre for Osaka-based even a folding
online restaurant guide Gurunavi. bed.

• The décor here is consistent with that
of the rest of the residence that SBCH
Architects designed in South Carolina.
The building has a glass facade which
defines the main social areas.
The living room designed by Nico
van der Meulen Architects for
House Ber in South Africa captures
the simplicity of this style and the
beauty of the surroundings with its
openness and transparency. The
décor is based on a series of light
vs dark contrasts complemented by
small yellow touches distributed
around the room.
The house designed by Dualchas
Architects in Skye, Scotland has two
social areas separated from the
kitchen and the dining area by purple
wall dividers. One is a bit larger and
the other and serves as the main
living space.
The interior of this elegant residence in
Turin in MG2 ARCHITETTURE is a bit
traditional and a bit classic to a certain
degree but, overall, it remains moderns
because of its simplicity. The living room is
divided into two areas, each featuring
comfortable seating and similar looks.
Hollyhock house
The living room of
Hollyhock (view
larger image)
centers around a
massive concrete
fireplace, whose
abstract sculpting is
naturally
illuminated by the
leaded glass skylight
above it. The
geometric ceiling,
although not
curved, is
geometrically
sloped in a way that
accentuates the
concrete crafting.