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Design of members
subjected to bending
(a) (b)
L
Plastic hinges Plastic hinges
Mp
Mp
Bending Moment Diagram Bending Moment Diagram
Plastic
Mp
Compact
My
Semi-compact
Slender
y u Rotation
Mp
My
Semi-
Plastic Compact Compact Slender
1 2 3 =b/t
d / tw 67
• V exceeds 0.6Vd
Md = Mdv
Mdv= design bending strength under high
shear as defined in section 9.2
Mp
My
Mo Mo
Unbraced Length, L
FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED
Distance between lateral supports to the compression
flange.
Restraints at the ends and at intermediate support
locations (boundary conditions).
Type and position of the loads.
Moment gradient along the unsupported length.
Type of cross-section.
Non-prismatic nature of the member.
Material properties.
Magnitude and distribution of residual stresses.
Initial imperfections of geometry and eccentricity of
loading.
Y
P M
X
Z
B B
B B
M
P
u u
Section B-B
Section B-B
Column buckling
EA EI y Beam buckling
EIx >EIy
l 3
l EIx >GJ
A y Lateral
Deflection
M M
A z
Elevation
l
x
Section
θ
Plan Section A-A
Twisting
(a) (b)
1
Π2 E Iy Γ
E I y G J
Π
2
M cr 2
L L
or
1
1 Π 2 E Γ
M cr E I y G J 2 1 2
Π 2
L L G J
• Support Conditions
• effective (unsupported) length
• Level of load application
• stabilizing or destabilizing ?
• Type of loading
• Uniform or moment gradient ?
• Shape of cross-section
• open or closed section ?
Positive Negative
LT 0.5 1 LT LT 0.2 LT 2
LT b Z p f y / M cr
LT = 0.21 for rolled section,
LT = 0.49 for welded section
Dr S R Satish Kumar, IIT Madras Cont… 26
8.2.2.1 Elastic Lateral Torsional Buckling Moment
2 EI y 2
EI
M cr GIt 2
w
KL
2
KL
2 0.5
LT EI y h
2
1 KL / ry
M cr 1
2( KL) 2 20 h / t f
APPENDIX F ELASTIC LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING
Temporary bracing
Pwb ( b1 n1 ) t fc
L 0.7 d
d/2 b1 n1 E
ry ry
450
Iy t3 t
d/2 ry
A 12t 2 3
LE 2 3 d
0 .7 d 2 .5
ry t t
Effective width for web buckling
Pcrip ( b1 n2 ) t f yw
b1 n2
1:2.5 slope
Root
radius
Stiff bearing length