Improving the Water Use Efficiency

 Ministry of Urban Development, with CSIR-NEERI had conducted studies on leaks in

water distribution systems across 13 cities, including Delhi, Calcutta, Mumbai and
Chennai during 1990’s.
 It was observed that about 17-44 percent of the total flow in the distribution system
was lost on account of water loss through leakages in mains, communication and
service pipes and leaking valves.
 A study by ADB (2007) across 20 towns and cities corroborated the past studies and
showed the water losses due to leakage, pilferage etc, to be of the order of up to 60 per
cent.

Remedial measures for improving Efficiencies

 Water Audit
 Metering : Metering required both at source level and user level
 Leakage Control: Wastage could be brought down to 12 percent to 15 percent
 Water conservation measures
 Rainwater harvesting and artificial recharge of ground water
 Wastewater reuse, recycling and resource recovery
Use of treated effluents, in place of filtered water for horticulture and gardening
 Greywater Reuse for flushing
 Water-efficient systems for water use

Source: Guidelines for Improving Water Use Efficiency in Irrigation, Domestic and Industrial Sectors (2014)
 Water-Saving Devices
Low Flow High-Efficiency Faucet Aerators
 Regular tap water flow rate is in between 6 to 12 LPM.
 The same tap can be retrofitted to flow rate of 1.5 LPM or
more
 No compromise on rinse- ability.
 Save water up to 80%
 Easy to Install DIY (No need of plumber)
 Convert exiting tap into water saving taps
 Save money on water bill.

Source: https://www.thespruce.com/; https://www.eco365.co.in/ ; http://watersaving.in/

Source: https://www.thespruce.com/; https://www.eco365.co.in/; http://watersaving.in/
 Dual Flush Toilet Converters

One for flushing liquid waste and the other for solid waste

 Traditional toilets use between 16 and

20 litres per flush, which means an
average consumption of 80-100 liters
daily per person
 Water efficient toilets using six litres of
water per flush can save 30 litres of water
a day per person in the country

“The BIS has a plan for amending the IS 774:2004

to include ‘dual flush only’ (criteria) instead of
‘single and dual flush’ to save water”,

Source: Guidelines for Improving Water Use Efficiency in Irrigation, Domestic and Industrial Sectors (2014)
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/47191227.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst
 Eco Urinal
Use the water that was used for washing hands to flush the urine
W+W Sink/Toilet Combo (Grey water Recycling System)

Urinal and Sink Combo WaterFree Urinal Pots

An average urinal could waste 80 to 100
Litres of water every day.
Waterless Urinals can:
 Save water up to 100%
 Annual Water Savings up to 40,000
litres

Source: http://www.roca.com.esww/; https://www.designswan.com/

Clean Water and Sanitation in Rural Areas
 Contact

Director , CSIR-NEERI
director@neeri.res.in
 Water-Saving Potential at Domestic Level

Source: Guidelines for Improving Water Use Efficiency in Irrigation, Domestic and Industrial Sectors (2014)