REGRESSION ANALYSIS

14
12
10
8
Y

6
4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8
X
Let’s have some fun!

Beat the time!

Are you ready?

Answer 10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Answer 10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Answer 10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Answer 10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
independent variable
“A researcher wants to find the
relationship between the ages and
systolic blood pressure
number of a person”.

Answer
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
 dependent

10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Answer
 moderately positive correlation

A. C. SCATTER PLOT
y
15

10

0
0 5 10 15
x
B. D.
y 150
SCATTER PLOT
100

50

x 0
0 5 10 15
Objectives
1. Identify the independent and
dependent variable.
2. Draw the best fit line on a scatter
plot.
3. Calculate the slope and y-
intercept of the regression line
Define/ Describe the ff.
Pearson r
Positive Correlation
Slope of a line
Best Fit Line
Dependent variable
best fit line
best
illustrates

regression line
- the line that “best fit” in
the scatter plot. Also known
as the trend line.
Simple rules in drawing best
fit line

- it would be better if the

line passes through two of
the points.
*Identify the independent and
dependent variable
*Draw a best fit line. (Refer to the
definition of best fit line and rules in
drawing it in the activity sheet)

*
Activity 1
Consider the following data.
a. Construct a scatter plot.
b. Draw the line of best fit.
c. Calculate the slope and the
y-intercept.
d. Write the equation of the
line of best fit.
x 5 10 20 8 15 25
y 40 26 18 30 20 15
 14

12

10

8
Y

0
0 2 4 6 8
X
 a b
where,
a = y-intercept of the
regression line
b = slope of the regression line
The y-intercept and the slope can be computed
using the ff. formulas
Illustrative Example 1
The grades of 7 students in the 1st & 2nd
grading periods are shown below.

a. Find the equation of the regression line.

b. Draw the graph of the regression equation
on a scatter plot.
c. Estimate the grade in the 2nd grading period
of a student who received a grade of 93 in
the 1st grading period.

1st Grading 80 78 76 84 85 75 88
Grade
2nd Grading 84 79 75 86 84 77 85
Grade
Regression equation
a b
 Directions: Work cooperatively in your group then calculate
the regression equation. Write the problem & solution in
Manila paper and present your output in the class. (15 mins.)

Group 1:
Time in hours spent in 1 2 3 4 5 6
studying (x)
Scores on a Math test 8 10 20 15 25 38
(y)

Group 2:
Hours spent in playing 1 2 3 4 5 6
video games (x)
Scores on a Math test (y) 25 30 20 20 15 9
Group 3: Listed below are the heights & weights
of 5 teachers.
Heights in cm (x) 160 162 167 158 167
Weights in kg (y) 50 59 63 52 65
Group 4: The table shows the grades of Grade 11
students in English & Mathematics.
English (x) 80 89 86 85 78 92 82
Mathematics (y) 77 80 80 95 75 90 78
The table below shows the time in hours spent for
studying (x) of six grade 11 STEM students of
KCNHS and their scores on a Science test (y).
1. Determine the independent and dependent
variable.
2. Calculate the slope and y-intercept of the
regression line.
3. Find the regression equation.

Time in hours spent in 1 2 3 4 5 6

studying (x)
Scores on a Science 5 10 15 15 25 35
testb(y)
 Patient Age Systolic Blood
Pressure Number
1 18 100
Shown on the right are
the ages and the 2 22 110
systolic blood pressure 3 20 110
numbers of 12 patients 4 30 120
in Madonna General
Hospital. 5 21 112
1. Calculate the 6 19 100
regression 7 25 120
equation. 8 26 115
2. Predict the systolic 9 31 130
BP No. of a patient
if his/her age is 50 10 32 140
year old. 11 33 130
12 35 145
 Day Price per Kg Number
(in pesos) of Kg sold

Luz is selling tomatoes in Mega 1 45 30

Market. She decided to change 2 50 25
the price of her tomatoes
3 55 25
everyday for 7 days to see
whether the change in the price 4 40 40
of tomatoes would affect sales. 5 52 26
Her collected data are shown in
the table at the right. 6 48 35
1. Calculate the slope & y- 7 60 15
intercept of the regression
line. (Show the summations & 4. Draw the regression line
formulas) on the scatter plot.
2. Find the regression 5. Predict the number of
equation. kilograms of tomatoes to
be sold if the price of
3. Construct a scatter plot.
tomatoes will be lowered
Label the x & y axes.
to 35 pesos per kg. (SYS)
 Day Temperature Number
(in Celsius) of Gallons

An ice cream vendor decided to 1 31 10

record the temperature for one 2 26 6
week and the number of gallons
3 30 8
of ice cream he was able to sell
in Kidapwan City. The data he 4 29 6
recorded are shown in the table 5 28 4
at the right.
6 30 10
1. Calculate the slope & y-
intercept of the regression 7 25 4
line. (Show the summations &
formulas) 4. Draw the regression line
on the scatter plot.
2. Find the regression
equation. 5. Predict the number of
gallons of ice cream that
3. Construct a scatter plot. may be sold if the
Label the x & y axes. temperature is 32°C.
(SYS)
 Student Midterm Final
Grade Grade
1 82 83
Shown in the table at the right
are the midterm and the final 2 84 81
grades of 10 USM-KCC college 3 78 80
students in Statistics.
4 76 75
1. Calculate the slope & y-
intercept of the regression 5 86 88
line. (Show the summations & 6 90 90
formulas)
7 83 85
2. Find the regression
equation. 8 77 75
3. Construct a scatter plot. 9 81 80
Label the x & y axes. 10 85 82
4. Draw the regression line on
the scatter plot. 5. Estimate the final grade of a
student who has a midterm
grade of 88. (SYS)
Solution:
1. Calculate the slope & y-intercept of the regression line.
x y xy x^2 y^2
350 196 9507 17758 5876
y-intercept slope

2. Find the regression equation.

a b
y = 84.783 -1.136x
3. Construct a scatter plot.
4. Draw the regression line on the scatter plot

50
y = -1.1357x + 84.783
Number of Kg Sold

40

30

20

10
35 40 45 50 55 60 65
Price per Kg of Tomatoes

5. Predict the number of kilograms of tomatoes to be sold if the price of

tomatoes will be lowered to 35 pesos per kilogram.
y = 84.783 -1.136x
y = 45.023 or y = 45 kg
y = 84.783 -1.136(35)
Solution:
1. Calculate the slope & y-intercept of the regression line.
x y xy x^2 y^2
199 48 1392 5687 368
y-intercept slope

2. Find the regression equation.

a b
y = -19.385 +0.923x
3. Construct a scatter plot.
4. Draw the regression line on the scatter plot

12
Number of Gallons of Ice Cream

10
y = 0.9231x - 19.385
8
6
4
2
24 26 28 30 32
Temperature in degree Celsius

5. Predict the number of gallons of ice cream that may be sold if the
temperature is 32 degrees Celsius.
y = -19.385 + 0.923x
y = 10.15 or y = 10 gallons
y = -19.385 + 0.923(32)
Solution:
1. Calculate the slope & y-intercept of the regression line.
x y xy x^2 y^2

y-intercept slope

2. Find the regression equation.

a b
y = – 2.504 + 1.027x or y = 1.027x – 2.504
3. Construct a scatter plot.
4. Draw the regression line on the scatter plot

95
y = 1.0268x - 2.5035
90
Final Grade

85

80

75

70
75 80 85 Grade
Midterm 90 95

5. Estimate the final grade of a student who has a midterm grade of 88.

y = 1.027x – 2.504
y = 87.87 or y = 88
y = 1.027 (88) – 2.504
Find the regression
equation

x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
y 4 3 8 6 12 10 8