OIL WELL-AN OVERVIEW

• A well to bring petroleum oil hydrocarbons to the surface. Usually

some natural gas is produced along with the oil. A well that is
designed to produce mainly or only gas may be termed a gas well.
• Currently there are more than 65,000 oil and gas fields of all sizes in
the world.
• In 2007 it cost $4 million to drill an oil well and $3.9 million to drill a
natural gas well. The average cost to drill a well was $574/foot of
depth.
 GOLDEN ERA

• The earliest known oil wells were drilled in China in 347 AD up to about
800 feet (240 m) and were drilled using bits attached
to bamboo poles. The oil was burned to evaporate brine and
produce salt.
• Modern oil production came into picture only when IC engines where
developed, Before IC engine it was purely used for the production of
paraffin.
YEAR PRODUCTION
1859 2,000 barrels
1869 4,215,000 barrels
1879(IC) 19,914,146 barrels
1889 35,163,513 barrels
1899 57,084,428 barrels
1906 126,493,936 barrels
 MARKET HOLDERS
• Out of 194 country’s in the world 118 are enriched with oil...
OIL BARRER’S

Where do we stand
INDIA(20) 978,000 bbl/day
RANK HOLDERS??
OIL WELL- TYPES

Sidetrack
wells

Horizontal
wells

Designer
wells

Multilateral
wells
 TYPE-1,2
SIDETRACK WELL HORIZONTAL WELL
 TYPE-3,4

DESIGNER WELLS MULTILATERAL WELLS

 DISASTERS

Usumacinta
Rig :Perforadora Central Usumacinta Jack-Up
Date:23 October 2007
Location:Kab Field, Bay of Campeche, Gulf of Mexico
CREATION AND LIFE OF WELL

• Planning
• Drilling
• Completion
• Production
• Abandonment
Planning

• Acquiring legal documents

• Obtain well operation permit
• Determination of technical requirements
• Site excavation and preparation
• Identify safety procedure and regulatory requirements
• Outline emergency require plan
Drilling
• Drilling rig equipment mobilization
• BOP installation
• Surface and intermediate casing cemented
• Drill cutting sample taken and analyzed
• Wellbore drill to total depth
• Potential reservoir identified and evaluated by using geophysical logging technique
 Casing and cementing
• Zonal isolation
• Production casing lowered
into the well cemented into
the place
• Diagnostics tools are used
to check well bore integrity
 Stages of well casing

• Conductor Casing
• Surface Casing
• Intermediate Casing
• Liner Casing
• Production Casing
 Completion and simulation

Completion is the process in which the well is enabled to produce oil or gas.
• Reservoir horizon is perforated
• Simulation required
• Flow path is made for fracturing
 Abandonment of well

A well is said to reach an “economic limit” when its most efficient production rate does not
cover the operating expenses
 PROBLEM IN OIL WELLS

The production of oil or gas from underground reservoirs involves chemical and mechanical
processes that affect the wells.
• Liquid loading
• Corrosion
• Mechanical failure
• Water gas coning
Water
coning
Mechanical failure
 Preserving oil wells

Protection against corrosion:

• Cathodic Protection
• Using Corrosion Inhibitors
• Coating It
• Using CRAs
Protection against mechanical failure :
• Dynograph test
• Regular maintenance
• By running a packer in the well
Dynagraph cards
Thank you