CORROSION

IN
PETROLEUM
REFINING

By

G. M. Sherbini
 C o rro s io n in P e tro le u m R e fin in g

L o w -te m p e r a tu r e c o r r o s io n H ig h -te m p e r a tu r e c o r r o s io n

B y fe e d -s to c k c o n ta m in a n ts B y p r o c e s s c h e m ic a ls
L o w -te m p e r a tu r e c o r r o s io n

INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CAUSING CORROSION

• Water
• Hydrochloric acid
• Hydrofluoric acid
• Sulfuric acid
• Caustic
F e e d -s to c k c o n ta m in a n ts
• Air
• Water
• Hydrogen chloride
• Hydrogen sulphide
• Nitrogen compounds
• Sour water
P r o c e s s c h e m ic a ls

• Solvents
• Neutralizers
• Catalysts
OTHER CAUSES FOR
CORROSION
• Atmosphere
• Cooling water
• Boiler feedwater
• Steam condensate
• Soil
 H ig h -te m p e r a tu r e c o r r o s io n

• Sulfidic corrosion (temp. between 260 & 540

oC)

• Sulfidic corrosion w/o hydrogen present

• Sulfidic corrosion with hydrogen present
• Napthenic Acids
• Fuel Ash
• Oxidation
 SIMPLIFIED REFINERY PROCESS FLOW H2S
DIAGRAM & CORROSIVE CONSTITUENTS CO2
Amine
H2S Fuel Gas
Plant B
NH3 SO2
LPG &Light Gases Butane L
Gas Alkylation E Gasoline
Gasoline H2 HF
Plant N
H2S
HCl D
NH3
Naphtha Catalytic I
Desulfurization reforming N
G
HCl H2S Jet Fuel
Atmospheric
Middle Distillates
Treating
NH3 Gas NH3 Kerosene
D
I
CO2 Naphtha H2S
Crude
S H2 S Heating
Desulfurization
HCN Fluid catalytic
T Gas Oils
Feed I S Oil
L cracking H2 CO2
Napthenic L
Acid
A
MgCl2* T
Hydrogen AMINE
S I production
O NH3
N H2 Gas
H2S
Naphtha Lubricating
Hydro-
Oil
Gas Naphtha S
Cracking Grease
Vacuum
H2S Treating
Wax
HCN SO2 H2SO4
Coking Coke
*
Industrial Fuel
CORROSIVE S
UNDERLINED Asphalt
 Sour Water
FCC CRUDE HDS Coking
NH3
CO2 H2S
HCN
Steam Cl-
SOUR WATER STRIPPER Phenols

Treated
Water
 CORROSIVE
CONSTITUENTS IN OIL
• SULFUR COMPOUNDS
• SALT WATER
• INORGANIC AND ORGANIC
CHLORIDES
• INORGANIC AND ORGANIC ACIDS
• NITROGEN
END
 H2S H2 S H2S H2S NHH3 2S NH3 NH NH3
CO2 3

H2 S H2 S NH3
H2S Amine
H2 S Fuel Gas
Plant B
HCl NH3
L
Gas Plant Alkylation E
HCl H2 S N
NH3 D
HCl I
Catalytic
Desulfurization N
reforming G
HCl H2S Fuel Gas
Middle Distillates
Atmospheric
Treating
NH3
D
I H2S
S
T
Fluid catalytic Desulfurization
I
L cracking
L
A Desulfurization
T Hydrogen AMINE
I
O production
N

Hydro-
Cracking
Vacuum Treating

Coking